British Culture - User contributions [en]

Proviso scene

2009-07-22T19:03:32Z

Irena Struck:

Scene in which the witty couple of a [[Restoration Comedy]] (usually a witty, but virtuous lady and a [[Rake|rake]]) agree on conditions for their marriage. These conditions usually comprise the demand that the rake give up his promiscuous and irresponsible ways and thus show a tendency towards a more equal relationship of the genders. ''Proviso scenes'' were typically used in Restoration comedy after 1690. They were influenced by [[John Locke|Locke]]’s contract theory model (contracts between equals) and reflect a shift in cultural values and society.

An especially famous example of a proviso scene is the debate between the witty couple Mirabell and Millamant in William Congreve’s ''The [[Way of The World]]'' (1700).

== '''Sources''' ==

Pankratz, Annette. “Restoration Comedy : Theatre and Drama”. SS 2009: Lecture 11.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Restoration_literature

Proviso scene

2009-07-22T18:59:23Z

Irena Struck: /* Sources */

Scene in which the witty couple of a [[Restoration Comedy]] (usually a witty, but virtuous lady and a [[Rake|rake]]) agree on conditions for their marriage. These conditions usually comprise the demand that the rake give up his promiscuous and irresponsible ways and thus show a tendency towards a more equal relationship of the genders. ''Proviso scenes'' were typically used in Restoration comedy after 1690. They were influenced by [[John Locke|Locke]]’s contract theory model (contracts between equals) and reflect a shift in cultural values and society, as well as an orientation on a mainly middle class audience and females.

An especially famous example of a proviso scene is the debate between the witty couple Mirabell and Millamant in William Congreve’s ''The [[Way of The World]]'' (1700).

== '''Sources''' ==

Pankratz, Annette. “Restoration Comedy : Theatre and Drama”. SS 2009: Lecture 11.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Restoration_literature

Repartee

2009-07-22T18:57:55Z

Irena Struck: /* Sources */

The term ''repartee'' etymologically comes from the French ''repartir'' (to retort) and was first adopted into the English language as a technical term in fencing. In [[Restoration Comedy|Restoration comedy]], it then came to refer to a kind of wit combat, a fast-paced, witty verbal contest in which the participants try to outplay the other and to interpret their opposite’s remark to their own advantage. It is characteristic of instances of repartee to talk about matters indirectly by means of metaphors and like tropes. These witty exchanges frequently occur between the play's witty couple.

== '''Sources''' ==

Abrams, M.H. ''A Glossary of Literary Terms''. 7th ed. Boston, MA: Heinle & Heinle, 1999.

Pankratz, Annette. “Restoration Comedy : Theatre and Drama”. SS 2009: Lecture 11.

http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/repartee. 22 July 2009.

Rake

2009-07-22T18:56:37Z

Irena Struck: /* Sources */

The generally negatively connotated term ''rake'', an abbreviation of the original ''rakehell'' (which hints at certain “satanic” characteristics) refers to a fictional male stock character who leads a lavish and immoral lifestyle of drinking, gambling, promiscuity and music.

== '''The Rake in Restoration Comedy''' ==

In early Restoration comedy, the rake is usually presented in comparatively positive terms as a witty, intelligent and charming cavalier and hero, who is a member of polite society. However, he is still a rather predatory and aggressive character, who follows his [[The Hobbesian Libertine Rake|Hobbesian appetites]] by hunting for dominance and sex. While the rake usually has several sexual affairs during the play and is said to have had many affairs before, he traditionally vows faithfulness in the end of the play and gets married to a rich and virtuous heiress.

Later Restoration comedies sometimes show the problematic sides of rakishness by putting characters on stage who spend their inheritance or their allowance by their extravagances and get into serious debt. An example of this is Gayman in Aphra Behn's ''The Lucky Chance'' (1686).

== '''The Rakish Hero after 1700''' ==

Due to a general shift of morals in Restoration society beginning around 1700 and the gradual development towards [[Sentimental Comedy|sentimental comedy]], the stage character of the rakish hero experienced a change towards a more moral, de-sexualized being. In other words: the rake is no longer a rake, but a nice and tame young man.

== '''Examples of Rake Characters in Restoration Comedy''' ==

'''Dorimant''' in George Etherege’s ''The Man of Mode'' (1676)

'''Horner''' in William Wycherley’s ''The Country Wife'' (1675)

'''Willmore''' in Aphra Behn’s ''The Rover'' (1677)

== '''Sources''' ==

McMillin, Scott, ed. ''Restoration and Eigteenth-Century Comedy''. New York: Norton, 1973.

Pankratz, Annette. “Restoration Comedy : Theatre and Drama”. SS 2009: Lecture 11.

[http://www.associatedcontent.com/article/421894/restoration_drama_the_rake_and_the.html]

[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rake_(character)]

[http://www.associatedcontent.com/article/421894/restoration_drama_the_rake_and_the.html]

Rake

2009-07-22T18:46:46Z

Irena Struck: /* Examples of Rake Characters in Restoration Comedy */

The generally negatively connotated term ''rake'', an abbreviation of the original ''rakehell'' (which hints at certain “satanic” characteristics) refers to a fictional male stock character who through his lavish and immoral lifestyle of drinking, gambling, promiscuity and music loses his inheritance and gets into debt.

== '''The Rake in Restoration Comedy''' ==

In early Restoration comedy, the rake is usually presented in comparatively positive terms as a witty, intelligent and charming cavalier and hero, who is a member of polite society. However, he is still a rather predatory and aggressive character, who follows his Hobbesian appetites by hunting for dominance and sex. While the rake usually has several sexual affairs during the play and is said to have had many affairs before, he traditionally vows faithfulness in the end of the play and gets married to a rich and virtuous heiress.

== '''The Rakish Hero after 1700''' ==

Due to a general shift of morals in Restoration society beginning around 1700 and the gradual development towards [[sentimental comedy]], the stage character of the rakish hero experienced a change towards a more moral, de-sexualized being.

== '''Examples of Rake Characters in Restoration Comedy''' ==

'''Dorimant''' in George Etherege’s ''The Man of Mode'' (1676)

'''Horner''' in William Wycherley’s ''The Country Wife'' (1675)

'''Willmore''' in Aphra Behn’s ''The Rover'' (1677)

== '''Sources''' ==

McMillin, Scott, ed. Restoration and Eigteenth-Century Comedy. New York: Norton,1973.

Pankratz, Annette. “Restoration Comedy : Theatre and Drama”. Lecture 11.

[http://www.associatedcontent.com/article/421894/restoration_drama_the_rake_and_the.html]

[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rake_(character)]

[http://www.associatedcontent.com/article/421894/restoration_drama_the_rake_and_the.html]

Rake

2009-07-22T18:46:16Z

Irena Struck: /* Sources */

The generally negatively connotated term ''rake'', an abbreviation of the original ''rakehell'' (which hints at certain “satanic” characteristics) refers to a fictional male stock character who through his lavish and immoral lifestyle of drinking, gambling, promiscuity and music loses his inheritance and gets into debt.

== '''The Rake in Restoration Comedy''' ==

In early Restoration comedy, the rake is usually presented in comparatively positive terms as a witty, intelligent and charming cavalier and hero, who is a member of polite society. However, he is still a rather predatory and aggressive character, who follows his Hobbesian appetites by hunting for dominance and sex. While the rake usually has several sexual affairs during the play and is said to have had many affairs before, he traditionally vows faithfulness in the end of the play and gets married to a rich and virtuous heiress.

== '''The Rakish Hero after 1700''' ==

Due to a general shift of morals in Restoration society beginning around 1700 and the gradual development towards [[sentimental comedy]], the stage character of the rakish hero experienced a change towards a more moral, de-sexualized being.

== '''Examples of Rake Characters in Restoration Comedy''' ==

'''Dorimant''' in George Etherege’s ''The Man of Mode'' (1676)
'''Horner''' in William Wycherley’s ''The Country Wife'' (1675)
'''Willmore''' in Aphra Behn’s ''The Rover'' (1677)

== '''Sources''' ==

McMillin, Scott, ed. Restoration and Eigteenth-Century Comedy. New York: Norton,1973.

Pankratz, Annette. “Restoration Comedy : Theatre and Drama”. Lecture 11.

[http://www.associatedcontent.com/article/421894/restoration_drama_the_rake_and_the.html]

[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rake_(character)]

[http://www.associatedcontent.com/article/421894/restoration_drama_the_rake_and_the.html]

Repartee

2009-07-22T18:45:50Z

Irena Struck: /* Sources */

The term ''repartee'' etymologically comes from the French ''repartir'' (to retort) and was first adopted into the English language as a technical term in fencing. In [[Restoration Comedy|Restoration comedy]], it then came to refer to a kind of wit combat, a fast-paced, witty verbal contest in which the participants try to outplay the other and to interpret their opposite’s remark to their own advantage. It is characteristic of instances of repartee to talk about matters indirectly by means of metaphors and like tropes. These witty exchanges frequently occur between the play's witty couple.

== '''Sources''' ==

Abrams, M.H. ''A Glossary of Literary Terms''. 7th ed. Boston, MA: Heinle & Heinle, 1999.

Pankratz, Annette. “Restoration Comedy : Theatre and Drama”. Lecture 11.

http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/repartee. 22 July 2009.

Repartee

2009-07-22T18:45:25Z

Irena Struck: /* Sources */

The term ''repartee'' etymologically comes from the French ''repartir'' (to retort) and was first adopted into the English language as a technical term in fencing. In [[Restoration Comedy|Restoration comedy]], it then came to refer to a kind of wit combat, a fast-paced, witty verbal contest in which the participants try to outplay the other and to interpret their opposite’s remark to their own advantage. It is characteristic of instances of repartee to talk about matters indirectly by means of metaphors and like tropes. These witty exchanges frequently occur between the play's witty couple.

== '''Sources''' ==

Abrams, M.H. ''A Glossary of Literary Terms''. 7th ed. Boston, MA: Heinle & Heinle, 1999.

Pankratz, Annette. “Restoration Comedy : Theatre and Drama”. Lecture 11. 14 July 2009.

http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/repartee. 22 July 2009.

Rake

2009-07-22T18:43:16Z

Irena Struck: /* Sources */

The generally negatively connotated term ''rake'', an abbreviation of the original ''rakehell'' (which hints at certain “satanic” characteristics) refers to a fictional male stock character who through his lavish and immoral lifestyle of drinking, gambling, promiscuity and music loses his inheritance and gets into debt.

== '''The Rake in Restoration Comedy''' ==

In early Restoration comedy, the rake is usually presented in comparatively positive terms as a witty, intelligent and charming cavalier and hero, who is a member of polite society. However, he is still a rather predatory and aggressive character, who follows his Hobbesian appetites by hunting for dominance and sex. While the rake usually has several sexual affairs during the play and is said to have had many affairs before, he traditionally vows faithfulness in the end of the play and gets married to a rich and virtuous heiress.

== '''The Rakish Hero after 1700''' ==

Due to a general shift of morals in Restoration society beginning around 1700 and the gradual development towards [[sentimental comedy]], the stage character of the rakish hero experienced a change towards a more moral, de-sexualized being.

== '''Examples of Rake Characters in Restoration Comedy''' ==

'''Dorimant''' in George Etherege’s ''The Man of Mode'' (1676)
'''Horner''' in William Wycherley’s ''The Country Wife'' (1675)
'''Willmore''' in Aphra Behn’s ''The Rover'' (1677)

== '''Sources''' ==

McMillin, Scott, ed. Restoration and Eigteenth-Century Comedy. New York: Norton,1973.

Pankratz, Annette. “Restoration Comedy : Theatre and Drama”. Lecture 11. 14 July 2009.

[http://www.associatedcontent.com/article/421894/restoration_drama_the_rake_and_the.html]

[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rake_(character)]

[http://www.associatedcontent.com/article/421894/restoration_drama_the_rake_and_the.html]

Rake

2009-07-22T18:41:51Z

Irena Struck:

The generally negatively connotated term ''rake'', an abbreviation of the original ''rakehell'' (which hints at certain “satanic” characteristics) refers to a fictional male stock character who through his lavish and immoral lifestyle of drinking, gambling, promiscuity and music loses his inheritance and gets into debt.

== '''The Rake in Restoration Comedy''' ==

In early Restoration comedy, the rake is usually presented in comparatively positive terms as a witty, intelligent and charming cavalier and hero, who is a member of polite society. However, he is still a rather predatory and aggressive character, who follows his Hobbesian appetites by hunting for dominance and sex. While the rake usually has several sexual affairs during the play and is said to have had many affairs before, he traditionally vows faithfulness in the end of the play and gets married to a rich and virtuous heiress.

== '''The Rakish Hero after 1700''' ==

Due to a general shift of morals in Restoration society beginning around 1700 and the gradual development towards [[sentimental comedy]], the stage character of the rakish hero experienced a change towards a more moral, de-sexualized being.

== '''Examples of Rake Characters in Restoration Comedy''' ==

'''Dorimant''' in George Etherege’s ''The Man of Mode'' (1676)
'''Horner''' in William Wycherley’s ''The Country Wife'' (1675)
'''Willmore''' in Aphra Behn’s ''The Rover'' (1677)

== '''Sources''' ==

McMillin, Scott, ed. Restoration and Eigteenth-Century Comedy. New York: Norton,1973.

Pankratz, Annette. “Restoration Comedy : Theatre and Drama”. Lecture 11. 14 July 2009.

[http://books.google.de/books?id=aq_EQLFbejgC&pg=PA148&lpg=PA148&dq=rake+character&source=bl&ots=IhZt2EZh6i&sig=VP9Omv6c_A2VQw3p_hS66EJHX7o&hl=de&ei=8PRgSraJJc_A-QaYtrj2DA&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=7]

[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rake_(character)]

[http://www.associatedcontent.com/article/421894/restoration_drama_the_rake_and_the.html]

Proviso scene

2009-07-22T18:10:07Z

Irena Struck: /* Sources */

Scene in which the witty couple of a [[Restoration comedy]] (usually a witty, but virtuous lady and a [[rake]]) agree on conditions for their marriage. These conditions usually comprise the demand that the rake give up his promiscuous and irresponsible ways and thus show a tendency towards a more equal relationship of the genders. ''Proviso scenes'' were typically used in Restoration comedy after 1690. They were influenced by [[Locke]]’s contract theory model (contracts between equals) and reflect a shift in cultural values and society, as well as an orientation on a mainly middle class audience and females.

An especially famous example of a proviso scene is the debate between the witty couple Mirabell and Millamant in William Congreve’s [[''The Way of The World'']] (1700).

== '''Sources''' ==

Pankratz, Annette. “Restoration Comedy : Theatre and Drama”. Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bochum. 14 July 2009.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Restoration_literature

Proviso scene

2009-07-22T18:07:18Z

Irena Struck:

Scene in which the witty couple of a [[Restoration comedy]] (usually a witty, but virtuous lady and a [[rake]]) agree on conditions for their marriage. These conditions usually comprise the demand that the rake give up his promiscuous and irresponsible ways and thus show a tendency towards a more equal relationship of the genders. ''Proviso scenes'' were typically used in Restoration comedy after 1690. They were influenced by [[Locke]]’s contract theory model (contracts between equals) and reflect a shift in cultural values and society, as well as an orientation on a mainly middle class audience and females.

An especially famous example of a proviso scene is the debate between the witty couple Mirabell and Millamant in William Congreve’s [[''The Way of The World'']] (1700).

== '''Sources''' ==

Pankratz, Annette. “Restoration Comedy : Theatre and Drama”. Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bochum. 14 July 2009.

[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Restoration_literature.]22 July 2009.

Proviso scene

2009-07-22T18:03:50Z

Irena Struck: /* Sources */

A ''proviso scene'' is a stage scene in which the witty couple of a [[Restoration comedy]] (usually a witty lady and a [[rake]]) agree on conditions for their marriage. These conditions usually comprise the demand that the rake give up his promiscuous and irresponsible ways and thus show a tendency towards a more equal relationship of the genders. [[Proviso scenes]]were typically used in Restoration comedy after 1690. They were influenced by [[Locke]]’s contract theory model (contracts between equals) and reflect a shift in cultural values and society, as well as an orientation on a mainly middle class audience and females.

An especially famous example of a proviso scene is the debate between the witty couple Mirabell and Millamant in William Congreve’s [[''The Way of The World'']] (1700).

== '''Sources''' ==

Pankratz, Annette. “Restoration Comedy : Theatre and Drama”. Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bochum. 14 July 2009.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Restoration_literature.22 July 2009.

Proviso scene

2009-07-22T18:01:45Z

Irena Struck: /* Sources */

A ''proviso scene'' is a stage scene in which the witty couple of a [[Restoration comedy]] (usually a witty lady and a [[rake]]) agree on conditions for their marriage. These conditions usually comprise the demand that the rake give up his promiscuous and irresponsible ways and thus show a tendency towards a more equal relationship of the genders. [[Proviso scenes]]were typically used in Restoration comedy after 1690. They were influenced by [[Locke]]’s contract theory model (contracts between equals) and reflect a shift in cultural values and society, as well as an orientation on a mainly middle class audience and females.

An especially famous example of a proviso scene is the debate between the witty couple Mirabell and Millamant in William Congreve’s [[''The Way of The World'']] (1700).

== '''Sources''' ==

Pankratz, Annette. “Restoration Comedy : Theatre and Drama”. Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bochum. 14 July 2009.

[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Restoration_literature.]

Proviso scene

2009-07-22T18:01:06Z

Irena Struck: Created page with 'A ''proviso scene'' is a stage scene in which the witty couple of a Restoration comedy (usually a witty lady and a rake) agree on conditions for their marriage. These con…'

A ''proviso scene'' is a stage scene in which the witty couple of a [[Restoration comedy]] (usually a witty lady and a [[rake]]) agree on conditions for their marriage. These conditions usually comprise the demand that the rake give up his promiscuous and irresponsible ways and thus show a tendency towards a more equal relationship of the genders. [[Proviso scenes]]were typically used in Restoration comedy after 1690. They were influenced by [[Locke]]’s contract theory model (contracts between equals) and reflect a shift in cultural values and society, as well as an orientation on a mainly middle class audience and females.

An especially famous example of a proviso scene is the debate between the witty couple Mirabell and Millamant in William Congreve’s [[''The Way of The World'']] (1700).

== '''Sources''' ==

Pankratz, Annette. “Restoration Comedy : Theatre and Drama”. Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bochum. 14 July 2009.

[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Restoration_literature. 22 July 2009.]

Repartee

2009-07-22T15:22:35Z

Irena Struck:

The term ''repartee'' etymologically comes from the French ''repartir'' (to retort) and was first adopted into the English language as a technical term in fencing. In [[Restoration Comedy|Restoration comedy]], it then came to refer to a kind of wit combat, a fast-paced, witty verbal contest in which the participants try to outplay the other and to interpret their opposite’s remark to their own advantage. It is characteristic of instances of ''repartee'' to talk about matters indirectly by means of metaphors and like tropes. These witty exchanges frequently occur between the witty couple in the focus of the play.

== '''Sources''' ==

Abrams, M.H. A Glossary of Literary Terms. 7th ed. Boston, MA: Heinle & Heinle, 1999.

Pankratz, Annette. “Restoration Comedy : Theatre and Drama”. Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bochum. 14 July 2009.

http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/repartee. 22 July 2009.

Repartee

2009-07-22T15:06:31Z

Irena Struck:

The term ''repartee'' etymologically comes from the French ''repartir'' (to retort) and was first adopted into the English language as a technical term in fencing. In [[Restoration comedy]], it then came to refer to a kind of wit combat, a fast-paced, witty verbal contest in which the participants try to outplay the other and to interpret their opposite’s remark to their own advantage. It is characteristic of instances of ''repartee'' to talk about matters indirectly by means of metaphors and like tropes. These witty exchanges frequently occur between the witty couple in the focus of the play.

== '''Sources''' ==

Abrams, M.H. A Glossary of Literary Terms. 7th ed. Boston, MA: Heinle & Heinle, 1999.

Pankratz, Annette. “Restoration Comedy : Theatre and Drama”. Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bochum. 14 July 2009.

http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/repartee

Repartee

2009-07-22T15:04:59Z

Irena Struck: Created page with ' == '''Repartee''' == The term repartee etymologically comes from the French repartir (to retort) and was first adopted into the English language as a technical term in fencing…'

== '''Repartee''' ==

The term repartee etymologically comes from the French repartir (to retort) and was first adopted into the English language as a technical term in fencing. In [[Restoration comedy]], it then came to refer to a kind of wit combat, a fast-paced, witty verbal contest in which the participants try to outplay the other and to interpret their opposite’s remark to their own advantage. It is characteristic of instances of repartee to talk about matters indirectly by means of metaphors and like tropes. These witty exchanges frequently occur between the witty couple in the focus of the play.

== '''Sources''' ==

Abrams, M.H. A Glossary of Literary Terms. 7th ed. Boston, MA: Heinle & Heinle, 1999.

Pankratz, Annette. “Restoration Comedy : Theatre and Drama”. Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bochum. 14 July 2009.

http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/repartee