British Culture - User contributions [en]

Glam rock

2017-07-03T20:56:45Z

Mt: Created page with "'''Glam rock''' Glam rock is a music that came into being in Britain in the early 1970s. Its main distinctive feature is that the male singers wore makeup and were dressed up..."

'''Glam rock'''

Glam rock is a music that came into being in Britain in the early 1970s. Its main distinctive feature is that the male singers wore makeup and were dressed up in female clothes. The vast majority of the musicians came from a British working-class background and had already been in contact with music hall theatre. Another aspect of glam rock was that the media became part of the lyrics and the artists had an ambivalent stance towards it, as they were aware of the exerted power, but at the same time they admired it. Furthermore, glam rock was characterized by the fear of the future, which was generated by scenarios described in science fiction.

In addition, it was constituted of components belonging to the sphere of queerness. Glam rock was called in several ways, as for instance glitter rock, shock rock and gay rock. However, it is important to keep in mind that some of these terms might have been offensive. Although it was an eclectic genre and the artist had “spectacular visual and sonic imaginations” (Lenig, 3), it was the object of criticism or denigration.

The most prominent exponents of this genre were David Bowie, Elton John and Queen. In the aftermath glam rock was also able to gain a foothold in the US, where it became somewhat rougher with musicians and bands like Alice Cooper or the New York Dolls.

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•Glam rock." Britannica Academic, Encyclopædia Britannica, 7 Feb. 2008. academic.eb.com/levels/collegiate/article/glam-rock/110274. Accessed 3 Jun. 2017.

•Lenig, Stuart (2010): The Twisted Tale of Glam Rock. Santa Barbara, Calif: Praeger, p.1-13

King Edgar

2017-01-22T20:56:45Z

Mt:

944-975. Younger son of Edmund and his first wife Elfgifu. 957 king of the land north of the Thames. When in 959 his older brother Eadwig died, he became King of all England, but was only crowned in 973 at Bath.

'''Edgar´s relation to the Church'''
Edgar was considered to be a great benefactor of the Church, as he founded many monasteries and churches as for instance in Bangor. (Caradoc 50)
In view of the fact that at the age of about 17 he had an affair with a woman called Wulfthryth, who wore a nun´s veil, leading at least to temporary repercussions on his relation to the Church. He was condemned with an alleged punishment of not being permitted to be king for seven years (Glenn 9). Later on, Edgar passed many laws concerning the Church. For example, he imposed punishment for people who did not pay the Church dues (cfr. Encyclopædia Britannica).

'''Edgar´s reign'''
During his tenure of office, his peaceful attitude and conflict mitigation skills, especially with regard to the Welsh or the Danes in northern England, emerged. (Glenn 9) Moreover, he had great military skills, since he was able to prevent Vikings and pirates from conquering England. Edgar also received the title of “Imperator Augustus” (ibid.).

'''Edgar´s marriages, his death and his successor'''
Edgar married his first wife Aethelflaed, from whom their son Edward was born. While Aethelflaed was still alive, Edgar married Aelfthryth. He was buried at the abbey church of Glastonbury on 8th July 975.
After his death, his son Edward, also known as “Edward the Martyr” (ibid.) or “the younger” (Caradoc 50), succeeded to him and after four years of reign, he was battered to death by his stepmother Elfrida, in order to make her son Edelred king.

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•"Edgar." Britannica Academic, Encyclopædia Britannica, 2 Jul. 2007.academic.eb.com/levels/collegiate/article/31989#. Accessed 14 Jan. 2017.

•Caradoc, Richard Llwyd, William Wynne (1832): The History of Wales... Translated into English by Dr. Powell; and augmented by W. Wynne ... A new edition, greatly improved and enlarged with pedigrees of families. With a collection of documents. With maps. Shrewsbury: John Eddowes.

•Glenn, Justin (2014): The Washingtons. a Family History: Royal descents of the presidential branch Volume 3. California: El Dorado Hills, p. 9.

King Edgar

2017-01-22T20:55:24Z

Mt:

944-975. Younger son of Edmund and his first wife Elfgifu. 957 king of the land north of the Thames. When in 959 his older brother Eadwig died, he became King of all England, but was only crowned in 973 at Bath.

'''Edgar´s relation to the Church'''
Edgar was considered to be a great benefactor of the Church, as he founded many monasteries and churches as for instance in Bangor. (Caradoc 50)
In view of the fact that at the age of about 17 he had an affair with a woman called Wulfthryth, who wore a nun´s veil, this lead at least to temporary repercussions on his relation to the Church. He was condemned with an alleged punishment of not being permitted to be king for seven years (Glenn 9). Later on, Edgar passed many laws concerning the Church. For example, he imposed punishment for people who did not pay the Church dues (cfr. Encyclopædia Britannica).

'''Edgar´s reign'''
During his tenure of office, his peaceful attitude and conflict mitigation skills, especially with regard to the Welsh or the Danes in northern England, emerged. (Glenn 9) Moreover, he had great military skills, since he was able to prevent Vikings and pirates from conquering England. Edgar also received the title of “Imperator Augustus” (ibid.).

'''Edgar´s marriages, his death and his successor'''
Edgar married his first wife Aethelflaed, from whom their son Edward was born. While Aethelflaed was still alive, Edgar married Aelfthryth. He was buried at the abbey church of Glastonbury on 8th July 975.
After his death, his son Edward, also known as “Edward the Martyr” (ibid.) or “the younger” (Caradoc 50), succeeded to him and after four years of reign, he was battered to death by his stepmother Elfrida, in order to make her son Edelred king.

_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

•"Edgar." Britannica Academic, Encyclopædia Britannica, 2 Jul. 2007.academic.eb.com/levels/collegiate/article/31989#. Accessed 14 Jan. 2017.

•Caradoc, Richard Llwyd, William Wynne (1832): The History of Wales... Translated into English by Dr. Powell; and augmented by W. Wynne ... A new edition, greatly improved and enlarged with pedigrees of families. With a collection of documents. With maps. Shrewsbury: John Eddowes.

•Glenn, Justin (2014): The Washingtons. a Family History: Royal descents of the presidential branch Volume 3. California: El Dorado Hills, p. 9.

King Edgar

2017-01-09T21:49:15Z

Mt: Created page with "King Edgar was born in 944 and was the younger son of Edmund and his first wife Elfgifu. In 957 he became king of the land north of the Thames. When in 959 his older brother E..."

King Edgar was born in 944 and was the younger son of Edmund and his first wife Elfgifu. In 957 he became king of the land north of the Thames. When in 959 his older brother Eadwig died, he became King of all England, but was only coronated in 973 at Bath.

His reign was thriving and he did not have any conflict with the Welsh or the Danes in northern England. He was called “Imperator Augustus” and was a great benefactor towards the Church. In addition, he founded many monasteries and churches, as for instance, in Bangor. However, at the age of about 17 he had an affair with a woman called Wulfthryth, who wore a nun´s veil. Thus he was condemned by the Church with an alleged punishment of not being permitted to be king for seven years.

Edgar married his first wife Aethelflaed, from whom their son Edward was born. While Aethelflaed was still alive, Edgar married Aelfthryth. Edgar died at the age of 31 on 8 th July 975 and was buried at the abbey church of Glastonbury. During his reign he was capable of building a strong fleet that was able to stop the Vikings and pirates. His son Edward succeeded to him, whose surname was “the younger” or “Edward the Martyr”. After four years of reign, he was battered to death by his stepmother Elfrida, in order to make her son Edelred king.

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•Caradoc, Richard Llwyd, William Wynne (1832): “The History of Wales... Translated into English by Dr. Powell; and augmented by W. Wynne ... A new edition, greatly improved and enlarged with pedigrees of families. With a collection of documents. With maps”.Shrewsbury: John Eddowes

•Glenn, Justin (2014): "The Washingtons. a Family History: Royal descents of the presidential branch Volume 3” . California: El Dorado Hills

Lumière Brothers

2016-01-18T20:40:26Z

Mt: Created page with " == '''Lumière brothers''' == The Lumière brothers are French inventors who invented an early motion-picture camera called the Cinématographe. It is exactly this device..."

== '''Lumière brothers''' ==

The Lumière brothers are French inventors who invented an early motion-picture camera called the Cinématographe. It is exactly this device from which the term "cinema" is derived. This device consisted of a single camera used for taking photographs and projecting at 16 frames per second.

Auguste Lumière (b. Oct. 19, 1862, Besançon, France—d. April 10, 1954, Lyon) and his brother Louis Lumière (b. Oct. 5, 1864, Besançon, France—d. June 6, 1948, Bandol) produced the first motion picture with the title "La Sortie des ouvriers de l’usine Lumière" in 1895 (“Workers Leaving the Lumière Factory”).
Their first films showed everyday life in France, as for example the arrival of a train or a game of cards. In 1896 they produced more than 40 movies.

In addition, Auguste Lumière was a member of the Academy of Sciences and did researches on medical and biological issues and his findings in these areas were important. His brother Louis was also keen on medical issues and he ran a hospital with 100 beds during WW1.

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•"Lumière brothers." Encyclopaedia Britannica. Britannica Academic. Encyclopædia Britannica Inc., 2016. Web. 12 Jan. 2016. <http://academic.eb.com/EBchecked/topic/1403398/Lumiere-brothers>.

•Annuaire biographique du cinéma et de la télévision en France, en Belgique et en Af-rique du Nord. Edition complémentaire 1957.Paris: Contact Editions, 1957.

•Imbert Nath, Dictionnaire national des contemporains, Éditions La Jeunesse, Paris, 1936