John of Gaunt - Revision history

Pankratz at 17:14, 20 November 2017

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	John of Gaunt is [[Edward III]]'s son and [[Richard II]]'s uncle. One of his own sons later becomes [[Henry IV]]. His grand-daughter [[Margaret Beaufort]] married [[Edmund Tudor]]. John's brother is Prince Edward, the so-called Black Prince.		John of Gaunt is [[Edward III]]'s son and [[Richard II]]'s uncle. One of his own sons later becomes [[Henry IV]]. His great grand-daughter [[Margaret Beaufort]] married [[Edmund Tudor]]. John's brother is Prince Edward, the so-called Black Prince.

Pankratz at 17:12, 20 November 2017

2017-11-20T17:12:43Z

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	John of Gaunt was born 6 March 1340 in Ghent in Flanders and he died in Leicestershire in England on 3 February 1399. He was the third surviving son of [[Edward III]], King of England and his wife Philippa of Hainault. During the nonage of his nephew [[Richard II]] and the period of political instability John had great influence over the English throne and the whole country. Despite his great power, he always staid loyal to the king.		John of Gaunt was born 6 March 1340 in Ghent in Flanders and he died in Leicestershire in England on 3 February 1399. He was the third surviving son of [[Edward III]], King of England and his wife Philippa of Hainault. During the nonage of his nephew [[Richard II]] and the period of political instability John had great influence over the English throne and the whole country. Despite his great power, he always staid loyal to the king.

	John was married to three women, Blanche of Lancaster in 1359, Constance of Castile in 1371 and Katherine Swynford in 1396. He was a commoner with whom he had an affair before he married her. When they got married the couple had already four illegitimate children who were born under the name of Beaufort. These children were later legitimised by King Richard II and the Pope but excluded from the succession to the throne.		John was married to three women, Blanche of Lancaster in 1359, Constance of Castile in 1371 and Katherine Swynford in 1396. The latter was a commoner with whom he had an affair before he married her. When they got married the couple had already four illegitimate children who were born under the name of Beaufort. These children were later legitimised by King Richard II and the Pope but excluded from the succession to the throne.

	Altogether John of Gaunt had ten children. Among them were Katharine of Lancaster, Henry Beaufort ([[Henry IV]]) and Cecily Neville who later gave birth to [[Richard III]].		Altogether John of Gaunt had ten children. Among them were Katharine of Lancaster, Henry Beaufort ([[Henry IV]]) and Cecily Neville who later gave birth to [[Richard III]].

WikiSysop at 10:02, 26 October 2017

2017-10-26T10:02:40Z

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	John was married to three women, Blanche of Lancaster in 1359, Constance of Castile in 1371 and Katherine Swynford in 1396. He was a commoner with whom he had an affair before he married her. When they got married the couple had already four illegitimate children who were born under the name of Beaufort. These children were later legitimised by King Richard II and the Pope but excluded from the succession to the throne.		John was married to three women, Blanche of Lancaster in 1359, Constance of Castile in 1371 and Katherine Swynford in 1396. He was a commoner with whom he had an affair before he married her. When they got married the couple had already four illegitimate children who were born under the name of Beaufort. These children were later legitimised by King Richard II and the Pope but excluded from the succession to the throne.

	Altogether John of Gaunt had ten children. Among them were Katharine of Lancaster, Henry Beaufort ([[Henry IV]]) and Cecily Neville who later gave birth to [[ Richard III]].		Altogether John of Gaunt had ten children. Among them were Katharine of Lancaster, Henry Beaufort ([[Henry IV]]) and Cecily Neville who later gave birth to [[Richard III]].


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	John of Gaunt is [[Edward III]]'s son and [[Richard II]]'s uncle. One of his own sons later becomes [[Henry IV]]. His grand-daughter [[Margaret Beaufort]] married [[Edmund Tudor]]. John's brother is [[Prince Edward]], the so-called Black Prince.		John of Gaunt is [[Edward III]]'s son and [[Richard II]]'s uncle. One of his own sons later becomes [[Henry IV]]. His grand-daughter [[Margaret Beaufort]] married [[Edmund Tudor]]. John's brother is Prince Edward, the so-called Black Prince.

Pankratz at 17:11, 13 December 2016

2016-12-13T17:11:38Z

Pankratz at 13:45, 25 April 2013

2013-04-25T13:45:55Z

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			1340-1399. First Duke of Lancaster and Duke of Aquitaine. Shakespearean hero.

	== Introduction ==		== Introduction ==


	John of Gaunt was born ~~on 6th~~ March 1340 in Ghent in Flanders and he died in Leicestershire in England on ~~3rd~~ February 1399. ~~He was the first Duke of Lancaster and Duke of Aquitaine.~~		John of Gaunt was born 6 March 1340 in Ghent in Flanders and he died in Leicestershire in England on 3 February 1399. He was the third surviving son of [[Edward III]], King of England and his wife Philippa of Hainault. During the nonage of his nephew [[Richard II]] and the period of political instability John had great influence over the English throne and the whole country. Despite his great power, he always staid loyal to the king.

	He was the third surviving son of [[Edward III]], King of England and his wife Philippa of Hainault. During the nonage of his nephew [[Richard II]] and the period of political instability John had great influence over the English throne and the whole country. Despite his great power, he always staid loyal to the king.

	John was married to three women, Blanche of Lancaster in 1359, [[Constance of Castile]] in 1371 and [[Katherine Swynford]] in 1396. He was a commoner with whom he had an affair before he married her. When they got married the couple had already four illegitimate children who were born under the name of Beaufort. These children were later legitimised by King Richard II and the Pope but excluded from the succession to the throne.		John was married to three women, Blanche of Lancaster in 1359, [[Constance of Castile]] in 1371 and [[Katherine Swynford]] in 1396. He was a commoner with whom he had an affair before he married her. When they got married the couple had already four illegitimate children who were born under the name of Beaufort. These children were later legitimised by King Richard II and the Pope but excluded from the succession to the throne.

Wichtel at 10:24, 1 June 2010

2010-06-01T10:24:58Z

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	Shakespeare, William. ''Richard II''. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2000.		Shakespeare, William. ''Richard II''. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2000.

	Weir, Alison. ''Katherine Swynford: The Story of John of Gaunt and His Scandalous Duchess''. ~~Place???~~ Vintage Books, 2008.		Weir, Alison. ''Katherine Swynford: The Story of John of Gaunt and His Scandalous Duchess''. New York: Vintage Books, 2008.

	White, James. ''The Adventures of John of Gaunt. Duke of Lancaster''. Cambridge: Cambridge Scholar Publishing, 2009.		White, James. ''The Adventures of John of Gaunt. Duke of Lancaster''. Cambridge: Cambridge Scholar Publishing, 2009.

Wichtel at 10:21, 1 June 2010

2010-06-01T10:21:49Z

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	Empson, Charles William. ''His Life and Character (1874)''. ~~Place???~~: IndyPublish, 2008.		Empson, Charles William. ''John of Gaunt: His Life and Character (1874)''. Oxford: IndyPublish, 2008.

	Seyton, Anya. ''Katherine''. Chicago: Chicago Review Press, 2004.		Seyton, Anya. ''Katherine''. Chicago: Chicago Review Press, 2004.

Pankratz at 14:47, 31 May 2010

2010-05-31T14:47:17Z

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	Empson, Charles William. ''His Life and Character (1874)''. IndyPublish 2008.		Empson, Charles William. ''His Life and Character (1874)''. Place???: IndyPublish, 2008.

	Seyton, Anya. ''Katherine''. Chicago: Chicago Review Press. 2004.		Seyton, Anya. ''Katherine''. Chicago: Chicago Review Press, 2004.

	Shakespeare, William. ''Richard II''. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 2000.		Shakespeare, William. ''Richard II''. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2000.

	Weir, Alison. ''Katherine Swynford: The Story of John of Gaunt and His Scandalous Duchess''. Vintage Books, 2008.		Weir, Alison. ''Katherine Swynford: The Story of John of Gaunt and His Scandalous Duchess''. Place??? Vintage Books, 2008.

	White, James. ''The Adventures of John of Gaunt. Duke of Lancaster''. Cambridge: Cambridge Scholar Publishing, 2009.		White, James. ''The Adventures of John of Gaunt. Duke of Lancaster''. Cambridge: Cambridge Scholar Publishing, 2009.

Pankratz at 14:44, 31 May 2010

2010-05-31T14:44:42Z

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	John of Gaunt was born on 6th March 1340 in Ghent in Flanders and he died in Leicestershire in England on 3rd February 1399. He was the first Duke of Lancaster and Duke of Aquitaine.		John of Gaunt was born on 6th March 1340 in Ghent in Flanders and he died in Leicestershire in England on 3rd February 1399. He was the first Duke of Lancaster and Duke of Aquitaine.

	He was the third surviving son of [[Edward III]] ~~of Windsor~~, King of England and his wife Philippa of Hainault. During the nonage of his nephew Richard II and the period of political instability John had great influence over the English throne and the whole country. ~~He acted in such a way that nobody thought that John would work against the king. He was~~ always on the king~~'s side~~.		He was the third surviving son of [[Edward III]], King of England and his wife Philippa of Hainault. During the nonage of his nephew [[Richard II]] and the period of political instability John had great influence over the English throne and the whole country. Despite his great power, he always staid loyal to the king.

	John was married to three women Blanche of Lancaster in 1359, [[Constance of Castile]] in 1371 and [[Katherine Swynford]] in 1396.		John was married to three women, Blanche of Lancaster in 1359, [[Constance of Castile]] in 1371 and [[Katherine Swynford]] in 1396. He was a commoner with whom he had an affair before he married her. When they got married the couple had already four illegitimate children who were born under the name of Beaufort. These children were later legitimised by King Richard II and the Pope but excluded from the succession to the throne.
	~~His~~ affair ~~with [[Katherine Swynford]] (1350-1403) who~~ he married ~~later is always associated with John of Gaunt as she was a commoner~~. When they got married the couple had already four illegitimate children who were born under the name of Beaufort. These children were later legitimised by King Richard II and the Pope but excluded from the succession to the throne.

	Altogether John of Gaunt had ten children. Among them were [[Katharine of Lancaster]], [[Henry Beaufort]] ([[Henry IV]]) and [[Cecily Neville]] who later gave birth to[[ Richard III]].		Altogether John of Gaunt had ten children. Among them were [[Katharine of Lancaster]], [[Henry Beaufort]] ([[Henry IV]]) and [[Cecily Neville]] who later gave birth to [[ Richard III]].


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	John of Gaunt is [[Edward III]]'s son and [[Richard II]]'s uncle. One of his own sons later becomes [[Henry IV]]. His grand-daughter [[Margarete Beaufort]] married [[Edmund Tudor]] ~~which brought him directly into the Tudor line and the line of succession~~. John's brother is [[Prince Edward]].		John of Gaunt is [[Edward III]]'s son and [[Richard II]]'s uncle. One of his own sons later becomes [[Henry IV]]. His grand-daughter [[Margarete Beaufort]] married [[Edmund Tudor]]. John's brother is [[Prince Edward]], the so-called Black Prince.


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	In 1359 John married his third cousin [[Blanche of Lancaster]]. Both were related to [[Henry III]]. In 1361 Blanche's father died and it was John who gained half of his land and the title Earl of Lancaster.		In 1359 John married his third cousin [[Blanche of Lancaster]]. Both were related to [[Henry III]]. In 1361 Blanche's father died and it was John who gained half of his land and the title Earl of Lancaster.

	John joined his oldest brother Edward the Black Prince in 1366 in Aquitaine. He supported ~~the~~ King Pedro the Cruel of Castile and subsequently fought in the van at Najera in 1367. The success brought Pedro his throne back. In 1369, John was in command of an army which fought France but failed to conquer their enemy. One year later, he went back to France and joined Edward ~~the Black Prince~~. When Edward fell ill and went home, John of Gaunt became his Lieutenant. He went on waging war at his own cost.		John joined his oldest brother Edward the Black Prince in 1366 in Aquitaine. He supported King Pedro the Cruel of Castile and subsequently fought in the van at Najera in 1367. The success brought Pedro his throne back. In 1369, John was in command of an army which fought France but failed to conquer their enemy. One year later, he went back to France and joined Edward. When Edward fell ill and went home, John of Gaunt became his Lieutenant. He went on waging war at his own cost.

	John’s wife Blanche died in 1369 at Bolingbroke Castle from Bubonic Plague while John was away at sea. In 1371, John married the daughter of King Peter of Castile (Pedro the Cruel), [[Constance of Castile]], which gave him claim to the throne in Castile ~~which he always intended to do but never did~~. He tried so for sixteen years. He thought of reaching his aim ~~– the succession to the throne –~~ with the invasion of France in 1373 but the French were strong enough to resist the attack on Calais, the Champagne, Burgundy and Auvergne, but only a small amount of soldiers finally reached Bordeaux in a shattered state.		John’s wife Blanche died in 1369 at Bolingbroke Castle from Bubonic Plague while John was away at sea. In 1371, John married the daughter of King Peter of Castile (Pedro the Cruel), [[Constance of Castile]], which gave him a claim to the throne in Castile. He tried to ascend to the throne for sixteen years. He thought of reaching his aim with the invasion of France in 1373 but the French were strong enough to resist the attack on Calais, the Champagne, Burgundy and Auvergne, but only a small amount of soldiers finally reached Bordeaux in a shattered state.

	John went to Spain in 1386 claiming the throne in Castile again. A crisis arose ~~through~~ Richard’s misrule brought the country nearly to a civil war in 1387. John returned in 1389 and reached a compromise between [[Richard II]] and the [[Lord Appellants]] which led to a period of stability from then on.		John went to Spain in 1386 claiming the throne in Castile again. A crisis arose as Richard’s misrule brought the country nearly to a civil war in 1387. John returned in 1389 and reached a compromise between [[Richard II]] and the [[Lord Appellants]] which led to a period of stability from then on.

	Instead of John, his daughter [[Katherine of Lancaster]] who married [[Henry III]] of Castile became ~~King and~~ Queen of Castile in 1390.		Instead of John, his daughter [[Katherine of Lancaster]], who married [[Henry III]] of Castile became Queen of Castile in 1390.


	After [[Constance of Castile]] died in 1394, John of Gaunt married Katherine Swynford two years later in 1396. He died from natural causes three years later in 1399 at Leicester Castle. He was buried in St. Paul’s Cathedral in London.		After [[Constance of Castile]] died in 1394, John of Gaunt married Katherine Swynford two years later in 1396. He died from natural causes three years later in 1399 at Leicester Castle. He was buried in St Paul’s Cathedral in London.


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	John of Gaunt and [[Geoffrey Chaucer]] were brothers-in-law as John’s third wife Katherine was sister of Chaucer’s wife [[Philippa de Roet]]. Chaucer’s ~~book ‘Book~~ of the ~~Duchess’~~ which is also known as ~~‘The~~ Deth of ~~Blaunche’~~ refers to Blanche of Lancaster, John’s first wife. The poem deals with the Black Knight and the White Lady which is an allegory to John of Gaunt (the Black Knight) and Blanche of Lancaster, Blanche standing for white.		John of Gaunt and [[Geoffrey Chaucer]] were brothers-in-law as John’s third wife Katherine was the sister of Chaucer’s wife [[Philippa de Roet]]. Chaucer’s ''Book of the Duchess'' which is also known as ''The Deth of Blaunche'' refers to Blanche of Lancaster, John’s first wife. The poem deals with the Black Knight and the White Lady which is an allegory to John of Gaunt (the Black Knight) and Blanche of Lancaster, Blanche standing for white.


	~~== Media ==~~


	~~King Richard the Second (1978, directed by David Giles)~~

	~~Richard II (1997, directed by Deborah Warner)~~

	~~Richard II (2003, BBC Live recording from the Globe Theatre London)~~

Wichtel at 18:33, 28 May 2010

2010-05-28T18:33:25Z

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	King Richard the Second (1978, directed by David Giles)		King Richard the Second (1978, directed by David Giles)

	Richard II (1997, directed by Deborah Warner)		Richard II (1997, directed by Deborah Warner)

	Richard II (2003, BBC Live recording from the Globe Theatre London)		Richard II (2003, BBC Live recording from the Globe Theatre London)

← Older revision		Revision as of 17:11, 13 December 2016
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	John of Gaunt was born 6 March 1340 in Ghent in Flanders and he died in Leicestershire in England on 3 February 1399. He was the third surviving son of [[Edward III]], King of England and his wife Philippa of Hainault. During the nonage of his nephew [[Richard II]] and the period of political instability John had great influence over the English throne and the whole country. Despite his great power, he always staid loyal to the king.		John of Gaunt was born 6 March 1340 in Ghent in Flanders and he died in Leicestershire in England on 3 February 1399. He was the third surviving son of [[Edward III]], King of England and his wife Philippa of Hainault. During the nonage of his nephew [[Richard II]] and the period of political instability John had great influence over the English throne and the whole country. Despite his great power, he always staid loyal to the king.

	John was married to three women, Blanche of Lancaster in 1359, [[Constance of Castile]] in 1371 and [[Katherine Swynford]] in 1396. He was a commoner with whom he had an affair before he married her. When they got married the couple had already four illegitimate children who were born under the name of Beaufort. These children were later legitimised by King Richard II and the Pope but excluded from the succession to the throne.		John was married to three women, Blanche of Lancaster in 1359, Constance of Castile in 1371 and Katherine Swynford in 1396. He was a commoner with whom he had an affair before he married her. When they got married the couple had already four illegitimate children who were born under the name of Beaufort. These children were later legitimised by King Richard II and the Pope but excluded from the succession to the throne.

	Altogether John of Gaunt had ten children. Among them were [[Katharine of Lancaster]], [[Henry Beaufort]] ([[Henry IV]]) and [[Cecily Neville]] who later gave birth to [[ Richard III]].		Altogether John of Gaunt had ten children. Among them were Katharine of Lancaster, Henry Beaufort ([[Henry IV]]) and Cecily Neville who later gave birth to [[ Richard III]].


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	John of Gaunt is [[Edward III]]'s son and [[Richard II]]'s uncle. One of his own sons later becomes [[Henry IV]]. His grand-daughter [[~~Margarete~~ Beaufort]] married [[Edmund Tudor]]. John's brother is [[Prince Edward]], the so-called Black Prince.		John of Gaunt is [[Edward III]]'s son and [[Richard II]]'s uncle. One of his own sons later becomes [[Henry IV]]. His grand-daughter [[Margaret Beaufort]] married [[Edmund Tudor]]. John's brother is [[Prince Edward]], the so-called Black Prince.


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	In 1359 John married his third cousin [[Blanche of Lancaster]]. Both were related to [[Henry III]]. In 1361 Blanche's father died and it was John who gained half of his land and the title Earl of Lancaster.		In 1359 John married his third cousin Blanche of Lancaster. Both were related to Henry III. In 1361 Blanche's father died and it was John who gained half of his land and the title Earl of Lancaster.

	John joined his oldest brother Edward the Black Prince in 1366 in Aquitaine. He supported King Pedro the Cruel of Castile and subsequently fought in the van at Najera in 1367. The success brought Pedro his throne back. In 1369, John was in command of an army which fought France but failed to conquer their enemy. One year later, he went back to France and joined Edward. When Edward fell ill and went home, John of Gaunt became his Lieutenant. He went on waging war at his own cost.		John joined his oldest brother Edward the Black Prince in 1366 in Aquitaine. He supported King Pedro the Cruel of Castile and subsequently fought in the van at Najera in 1367. The success brought Pedro his throne back. In 1369, John was in command of an army which fought France but failed to conquer their enemy. One year later, he went back to France and joined Edward. When Edward fell ill and went home, John of Gaunt became his Lieutenant. He went on waging war at his own cost.

	John’s wife Blanche died in 1369 at Bolingbroke Castle from Bubonic Plague while John was away at sea. In 1371, John married the daughter of King Peter of Castile (Pedro the Cruel), [[Constance of Castile]], which gave him a claim to the throne in Castile. He tried to ascend to the throne for sixteen years. He thought of reaching his aim with the invasion of France in 1373 but the French were strong enough to resist the attack on Calais, the Champagne, Burgundy and Auvergne, but only a small amount of soldiers finally reached Bordeaux in a shattered state.		John’s wife Blanche died in 1369 at Bolingbroke Castle from Bubonic Plague while John was away at sea. In 1371, John married the daughter of King Peter of Castile (Pedro the Cruel), Constance of Castile, which gave him a claim to the throne in Castile. He tried to ascend to the throne for sixteen years. He thought of reaching his aim with the invasion of France in 1373 but the French were strong enough to resist the attack on Calais, the Champagne, Burgundy and Auvergne, but only a small amount of soldiers finally reached Bordeaux in a shattered state.

	John went to Spain in 1386 claiming the throne in Castile again. A crisis arose as Richard’s misrule brought the country nearly to a civil war in 1387. John returned in 1389 and reached a compromise between [[Richard II]] and the [[Lord Appellants]] which led to a period of stability from then on.		John went to Spain in 1386 claiming the throne in Castile again. A crisis arose as Richard’s misrule brought the country nearly to a civil war in 1387. John returned in 1389 and reached a compromise between [[Richard II]] and the Lord Appellants which led to a period of stability from then on.

	Instead of John, his daughter [[Katherine of Lancaster]], who married [[Henry III]] of Castile became Queen of Castile in 1390.		Instead of John, his daughter Katherine of Lancaster, who married Henry III of Castile became Queen of Castile in 1390.


	After [[Constance of Castile]] died in 1394, John of Gaunt married Katherine Swynford two years later in 1396. He died from natural causes three years later in 1399 at Leicester Castle. He was buried in St Paul’s Cathedral in London.		After Constance of Castile died in 1394, John of Gaunt married Katherine Swynford two years later in 1396. He died from natural causes three years later in 1399 at Leicester Castle. He was buried in St Paul’s Cathedral in London.


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	John of Gaunt and [[Geoffrey Chaucer]] were brothers-in-law as John’s third wife Katherine was the sister of Chaucer’s wife [[Philippa de Roet]]. Chaucer’s ''Book of the Duchess'' which is also known as ''The Deth of Blaunche'' refers to Blanche of Lancaster, John’s first wife. The poem deals with the Black Knight and the White Lady which is an allegory to John of Gaunt (the Black Knight) and Blanche of Lancaster, Blanche standing for white.		John of Gaunt and [[Geoffrey Chaucer]] were brothers-in-law as John’s third wife Katherine was the sister of Chaucer’s wife Philippa de Roet. Chaucer’s ''Book of the Duchess'' which is also known as ''The Deth of Blaunche'' refers to Blanche of Lancaster, John’s first wife. The poem deals with the Black Knight and the White Lady which is an allegory to John of Gaunt (the Black Knight) and Blanche of Lancaster, Blanche standing for white.