Molière - Revision history

Pankratz at 10:02, 18 October 2018

2018-10-18T10:02:33Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 10:02, 18 October 2018
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	alias Jean-Baptiste Poquelin (1622-1673). French playwright, actor and theatre manager. In the Restoration his plays were very often adapted for the English stage and proved a decisive influence. [[William Wycherley]]'s ''The Plain Dealer'', for instance, takes central elements from Molière's ''Le Misanthrope'' (1666).		alias Jean-Baptiste Poquelin (1622-1673). French playwright, actor and theatre manager.



	== Life ==		== Life ==

	Molière was born in Paris as the oldest son of Jean Poquelin, an upholsterer and Marie Cressé. Little is known about his early years. He went to the Collège de Clermont where he was taught how to dance and to foil fence. Even though his father wanted him to work as an upholsterer as well [http://www.britannica.com/], he decided to work in a theatre. As a child, he went to the theatre regularly with his grandfather who was passionate about it (Brodowsky 162).		Molière was born in Paris as the oldest son of Jean Poquelin, an upholsterer, and Marie Cressé. Little is known about his early years. He went to the Collège de Clermont where he was taught how to dance and to foil fence. Even though his father wanted him to work as an upholsterer as well [http://www.britannica.com/], he decided to work in a theatre. As a child, he went to the theatre regularly with his grandfather who was passionate about it (Brodowsky 162).

	In 1643, he, his mistress Madeleine Béjart, her family and some friends set up a drama group called L’Illustre Théâtre. Due to financial problems the group left Paris and travelled throughout the country. In 1644, Poquelin used his stage name Molière for the first time [http://www.britannica.com/].		In 1643, he, his mistress Madeleine Béjart, her family and some friends set up a drama group called ''L’Illustre Théâtre''. Due to financial problems the group left Paris and travelled throughout the country. In 1644, Poquelin used his stage name Molière for the first time [http://www.britannica.com/].

	In 1658, the group returned to Paris. As Philippe d`Orléans, the only brother of King Louis XIV, became Molière`s patron, he was more successful this time. They played for the King and his royal household. Later Louis XIV patronised the company, then known as “troupe du roi”. This also brought a rise in cultural capital, social prestige and popular success [http://www.britannica.com]. In 1662, Molière married Armande Béjart, the sister of Madeleine. Louis XIV was the godfather of their son who was born two years later.		In 1658, the group returned to Paris. As Philippe d`Orléans, the only brother of King [[Louis XIV]], became Molière`s patron, he was more successful this time. They played for the King and his royal household. Later Louis XIV patronised the company, then known as “troupe du roi”. This also brought a rise in cultural capital, social prestige and popular success [http://www.britannica.com]. In 1662, Molière married Armande Béjart, the sister of Madeleine. Louis XIV was the godfather of their son who was born two years later.

	In 1673, Molière died after a long illness. The final dying stages actually came on stage. While he was acting the title role in ''Le Malade Imaginaire'' (''The Imaginary Invalid'').		In 1673, Molière died after a long illness. The final dying stages actually came on stage. While he was acting the title role in ''Le Malade Imaginaire'' (''The Imaginary Invalid'').
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	In contrast to the ''Commedia dell`arte'', in which human weaknesses of character are ridiculed, but the protagonists were not harmed, in Molière`s plays they are not able to live a “normal” life and distance themselves from humanity.		In contrast to the ''Commedia dell`arte'', in which human weaknesses of character are ridiculed, but the protagonists were not harmed, in Molière`s plays they are not able to live a “normal” life and distance themselves from humanity.
	Most of Molière`s plays take place in contemporary Paris and offered satirical representations of Parisian society.		Most of Molière`s plays take place in contemporary Paris and offered satirical representations of Parisian society.
	He did not stick to the upper class but in his plays there are stupid as well as prudent characters from all social classes.		He did not stick to the upper class but in his plays there are stupid as well as prudent characters from all social classes.

			In the Restoration his plays were very often adapted for the English stage and proved a decisive influence.
			[[William Wycherley]]'s ''The Plain Dealer'', for instance, takes central elements from Molière's ''Le Misanthrope'' (1666).

	Some of the most well-known comedies:		Some of the most well-known comedies:
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	''Tartuffe'' (''Le Tartuffe; ou l`imposteur'') (1664, 1667, 1669)		''Tartuffe'' (''Le Tartuffe; ou l`imposteur'') (1664, 1667, 1669)

	''Don Juan'' (''~~Don~~ Juan'') (1665)		''Don Juan'' (''Dom Juan'') (1665)

	''Love's Cure-All'' (''L`Amour médecin'') (1665)		''Love's Cure-All'' (''L`Amour médecin'') (1665)

Marienkaefer at 16:43, 16 July 2013

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← Older revision		Revision as of 16:43, 16 July 2013
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	Molière was born in Paris as the oldest son of Jean Poquelin, an upholsterer and Marie Cressé. Little is known about his early years. He went to the Collège de Clermont where he was taught how to dance and to foil fence. Even though his father wanted him to work as an upholsterer as well [http://www.britannica.com/], he decided to work in a theatre. As a child, he went to the theatre regularly with his grandfather who was passionate about it (Brodowsky 162).		Molière was born in Paris as the oldest son of Jean Poquelin, an upholsterer and Marie Cressé. Little is known about his early years. He went to the Collège de Clermont where he was taught how to dance and to foil fence. Even though his father wanted him to work as an upholsterer as well [http://www.britannica.com/], he decided to work in a theatre. As a child, he went to the theatre regularly with his grandfather who was passionate about it (Brodowsky 162).

	In 1643, he, his mistress Madeleine Béjart, her family and some friends set up a drama group called L’Illustre Théâtre. Due to financial problems the group left Paris and travelled throughout the country. In 1644, Poquelin used his stage name Molière for the first time (http://www.britannica.com/).		In 1643, he, his mistress Madeleine Béjart, her family and some friends set up a drama group called L’Illustre Théâtre. Due to financial problems the group left Paris and travelled throughout the country. In 1644, Poquelin used his stage name Molière for the first time [http://www.britannica.com/].

	In 1658, the group returned to Paris. As Philippe d`Orléans, the only brother of King Louis XIV, became Molière`s patron, he was more successful this time. They played for the King and his royal household. Later Louis XIV patronised the company, then known as “troupe du roi”. This also brought a rise in cultural capital, social prestige and popular success [http://www.britannica.~~comcomedy~~]. In 1662, Molière married Armande Béjart, the sister of Madeleine. Louis XIV was the godfather of their son who was born two years later.		In 1658, the group returned to Paris. As Philippe d`Orléans, the only brother of King Louis XIV, became Molière`s patron, he was more successful this time. They played for the King and his royal household. Later Louis XIV patronised the company, then known as “troupe du roi”. This also brought a rise in cultural capital, social prestige and popular success [http://www.britannica.com]. In 1662, Molière married Armande Béjart, the sister of Madeleine. Louis XIV was the godfather of their son who was born two years later.

	In 1673, Molière died after a long illness. The final dying stages actually came on stage. While he was acting the title role in ''Le Malade Imaginaire'' (''The Imaginary Invalid'').		In 1673, Molière died after a long illness. The final dying stages actually came on stage. While he was acting the title role in ''Le Malade Imaginaire'' (''The Imaginary Invalid'').

Marienkaefer at 16:41, 16 July 2013

2013-07-16T16:41:03Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 16:41, 16 July 2013
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	In 1643, he, his mistress Madeleine Béjart, her family and some friends set up a drama group called L’Illustre Théâtre. Due to financial problems the group left Paris and travelled throughout the country. In 1644, Poquelin used his stage name Molière for the first time (http://www.britannica.com/).		In 1643, he, his mistress Madeleine Béjart, her family and some friends set up a drama group called L’Illustre Théâtre. Due to financial problems the group left Paris and travelled throughout the country. In 1644, Poquelin used his stage name Molière for the first time (http://www.britannica.com/).

	In 1658, the group returned to Paris. As Philippe d`Orléans, the only brother of King Louis XIV, became Molière`s patron, he was more successful this time. They played for the King and his royal household. Later Louis XIV patronised the company, then known as “troupe du roi”. This also brought a rise in cultural capital, social prestige and popular success [http://www.britannica.~~com~~]. In 1662, Molière married Armande Béjart, the sister of Madeleine. Louis XIV was the godfather of their son who was born two years later.		In 1658, the group returned to Paris. As Philippe d`Orléans, the only brother of King Louis XIV, became Molière`s patron, he was more successful this time. They played for the King and his royal household. Later Louis XIV patronised the company, then known as “troupe du roi”. This also brought a rise in cultural capital, social prestige and popular success [http://www.britannica.comcomedy]. In 1662, Molière married Armande Béjart, the sister of Madeleine. Louis XIV was the godfather of their son who was born two years later.

	In 1673, Molière died after a long illness. The final dying stages actually came on stage. While he was acting the title role in ''Le Malade Imaginaire'' (''The Imaginary Invalid'').		In 1673, Molière died after a long illness. The final dying stages actually came on stage. While he was acting the title role in ''Le Malade Imaginaire'' (''The Imaginary Invalid'').
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	"Molière." Encyclopædia Britannica. 2013. Encyclopædia Britannica Online. 08. July 2013 <http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/388302/Moliere		"Molière." Encyclopædia Britannica. 2013. Encyclopædia Britannica Online. 08. July 2013 <http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/388302/Moliere


	"Molière." Encyclopædia Britannica. 2013. Encyclopædia Britannica Online. 08. July 2013 <http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/362554/comedy-of-manners>		"Molière." Encyclopædia Britannica. 2013. Encyclopædia Britannica Online. 08. July 2013 <http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/362554/comedy-of-manners>

	"
	"Molière." Site Molière. 08. July 2013 <http://www.site-moliere.com/bio/>		"Molière." Site Molière. 08. July 2013 <http://www.site-moliere.com/bio/>

Marienkaefer at 16:40, 16 July 2013

2013-07-16T16:40:14Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 16:40, 16 July 2013
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	== Life ==		== Life ==

			Molière was born in Paris as the oldest son of Jean Poquelin, an upholsterer and Marie Cressé. Little is known about his early years. He went to the Collège de Clermont where he was taught how to dance and to foil fence. Even though his father wanted him to work as an upholsterer as well [http://www.britannica.com/], he decided to work in a theatre. As a child, he went to the theatre regularly with his grandfather who was passionate about it (Brodowsky 162).
	Molière was born in Paris as the oldest son of Jean Poquelin, an upholsterer and Marie Cressé. Little is known about his early years. He went to the Collège de Clermont where he was taught how to dance and to foil fence. Even though his father wanted him to work as an upholsterer as well (http://www.britannica.com/), he decided to work in a theatre. As a child, he went to the theatre regularly with his grandfather who was passionate about it (Brodowsky 162).

	In 1643, he, his mistress Madeleine Béjart, her family and some friends set up a drama group called L’Illustre Théâtre. Due to financial problems the group left Paris and travelled throughout the country. In 1644, Poquelin used his stage name Molière for the first time (http://www.britannica.com/).		In 1643, he, his mistress Madeleine Béjart, her family and some friends set up a drama group called L’Illustre Théâtre. Due to financial problems the group left Paris and travelled throughout the country. In 1644, Poquelin used his stage name Molière for the first time (http://www.britannica.com/).

	In 1658, the group returned to Paris. As Philippe d`Orléans, the only brother of King Louis XIV, became Molière`s patron, he was more successful this time. They played for the King and his royal household. Later Louis XIV patronised the company, then known as “troupe du roi”. This also brought a rise in cultural capital, social prestige and popular success (http://www.britannica.com). In 1662, Molière married Armande Béjart, the sister of Madeleine. Louis XIV was the godfather of their son who was born two years later.		In 1658, the group returned to Paris. As Philippe d`Orléans, the only brother of King Louis XIV, became Molière`s patron, he was more successful this time. They played for the King and his royal household. Later Louis XIV patronised the company, then known as “troupe du roi”. This also brought a rise in cultural capital, social prestige and popular success [http://www.britannica.com]. In 1662, Molière married Armande Béjart, the sister of Madeleine. Louis XIV was the godfather of their son who was born two years later.

	In 1673, Molière died after a long illness. The final dying stages actually came on stage. While he was acting the title role in ''Le Malade Imaginaire'' (''The Imaginary Invalid'').		In 1673, Molière died after a long illness. The final dying stages actually came on stage. While he was acting the title role in ''Le Malade Imaginaire'' (''The Imaginary Invalid'').
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	http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/388302/Moliere		"Molière." Encyclopædia Britannica. 2013. Encyclopædia Britannica Online. 08. July 2013 <http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/388302/Moliere


	http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/362554/comedy-of-manners		"Molière." Encyclopædia Britannica. 2013. Encyclopædia Britannica Online. 08. July 2013 <http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/362554/comedy-of-manners>

	http://www.site-moliere.com/bio/		"
			"Molière." Site Molière. 08. July 2013 <http://www.site-moliere.com/bio/>

	Brodowsky, Paul, et al. (eds). ''Weltliteratur II: Vom Mittelalter zur Aufklärung''. Bockenem: Universitätsverlag Hildesheim, 2009.		Brodowsky, Paul, et al. (eds). ''Weltliteratur II: Vom Mittelalter zur Aufklärung''. Bockenem: Universitätsverlag Hildesheim, 2009.

WikiSysop: /* Comedies */

2013-07-16T09:06:07Z

Comedies

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	''Scapin's Schemings'' (''Les Fourberies de Scapin'') (1671)		''Scapin's Schemings'' (''Les Fourberies de Scapin'') (1671)

	''A Pretentious Countess'' (La Comtesse d`Escarbagnas) (1671)		''A Pretentious Countess'' (''La Comtesse d`Escarbagnas'') (1671)

	''Learned Ladies'' (''Les Femmes savantes'') (1672)		''Learned Ladies'' (''Les Femmes savantes'') (1672)

	''The Hypochondriac, or The Imaginary Invalid'' (''Le Malade imaginaire'') (1673)		''The Hypochondriac, or The Imaginary Invalid'' (''Le Malade imaginaire'') (1673)


	== Sources ==		== Sources ==

Pankratz at 14:14, 11 July 2013

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	He did not stick to the upper class but in his plays there are stupid as well as prudent characters from all social classes.		He did not stick to the upper class but in his plays there are stupid as well as prudent characters from all social classes.

			Some of the most well-known comedies:
	== Some of ~~Molière's Plays==~~

Pankratz at 14:13, 11 July 2013

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	==== Further Reading ====		== Further Reading ==

	Knutson, Harold C. ''The Triumph of Wit: Molière and Restoration Comedy''. Columbus: Ohio State University Press, 1988.		Knutson, Harold C. ''The Triumph of Wit: Molière and Restoration Comedy''. Columbus: Ohio State University Press, 1988.

Pankratz at 14:13, 11 July 2013

2013-07-11T14:13:15Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 14:13, 11 July 2013
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	Molière was born in Paris as the oldest son of Jean Poquelin, an upholsterer and Marie Cressé. Little is known about his early years. He went to the Collège de Clermont where he was taught how to dance and to foil fence. Even though his father wanted him to work as an upholsterer as well ~~'''[source:~~ http://www.britannica.com/~~EBchecked/topic/388302/Moliere/12109/Beginnings-in-theatre]'''~~, he decided to work in a theatre. As a child, he went to the theatre regularly with his grandfather who was passionate about it (Brodowsky 162).		Molière was born in Paris as the oldest son of Jean Poquelin, an upholsterer and Marie Cressé. Little is known about his early years. He went to the Collège de Clermont where he was taught how to dance and to foil fence. Even though his father wanted him to work as an upholsterer as well (http://www.britannica.com/), he decided to work in a theatre. As a child, he went to the theatre regularly with his grandfather who was passionate about it (Brodowsky 162).
	In 1643, he, his ~~girlfriend~~ Madeleine Béjart, her family and some friends set up a drama group called ~~“L’Illustre Théâtre”~~. Due to financial problems the ~~drama~~ group left Paris and travelled throughout the country. In 1644, Poquelin used his stage name Molière for the first time~~. '''~~ (http://www.britannica.com/~~EBchecked/topic/388302/Moliere/12109/Beginnings-in-theatre~~)~~'''~~
	In 1658, the group returned to Paris. As Philippe d`Orléans, the only brother of King Louis XIV, became Molière`s patron, he was more successful this time. They played for the King and his royal household. ~~From then on, Molière and King~~ Louis XIV ~~had an intensive relationship The King`s brother, Philippe, duc d`Orléans, became their patron and later King Louis XIV took absorbed~~ the company ~~which was~~ known as ~~“Troupe~~ du roi” and ~~supported Molière. Because of that the group got~~ popular ~~and were highly esteemed. sources:~~ http://www.britannica.com~~/EBchecked/topic/388302/Moliere/12109/Beginnings-in-theatre]~~. In 1662, Molière married Armande Béjart, the sister of ~~his mistress~~ Madeleine. Louis XIV was the godfather of their son who was born two years later.		In 1643, he, his mistress Madeleine Béjart, her family and some friends set up a drama group called L’Illustre Théâtre. Due to financial problems the group left Paris and travelled throughout the country. In 1644, Poquelin used his stage name Molière for the first time (http://www.britannica.com/).
	In 1673, Molière died after a long illness.
			In 1658, the group returned to Paris. As Philippe d`Orléans, the only brother of King Louis XIV, became Molière`s patron, he was more successful this time. They played for the King and his royal household. Later Louis XIV patronised the company, then known as “troupe du roi”. This also brought a rise in cultural capital, social prestige and popular success (http://www.britannica.com). In 1662, Molière married Armande Béjart, the sister of Madeleine. Louis XIV was the godfather of their son who was born two years later.

			In 1673, Molière died after a long illness. The final dying stages actually came on stage. While he was acting the title role in ''Le Malade Imaginaire'' (''The Imaginary Invalid'').

	== Comedies ==		== Comedies ==


	Between 1658 and 1673, Molière wrote about thirty plays. He was influenced by the Italian Commedia dell`arte, fascinated by its central elements of improvisation and exaggeration. Therefore, the characters in his plays are exaggerated in their behaviour. As an example, in his play ''The Miser'' ('' L`Avare'') Harpagon, the main character, is so miserly that he is only interested in defending his property. He mistrusts everyone, including his children, and in the end, the fear of losing his property drives him to insanity.		Between 1658 and 1673, Molière wrote about thirty plays. He was influenced by the Italian ''Commedia dell`arte'', fascinated by its central elements of improvisation and exaggeration. Therefore, the characters in his plays are exaggerated in their behaviour. As an example, in his play ''The Miser'' ('' L`Avare'') Harpagon, the main character, is so miserly that he is only interested in defending his property. He mistrusts everyone, including his children, and in the end, the fear of losing his property drives him to insanity.
	In contrast to the Commedia dell`arte, in which human weaknesses of character are ridiculed, but the protagonists were not harmed, in Molière`s plays they are not able to live a “normal” life and distance themselves from humanity.
	Most of Molière`s plays take place in Paris ~~at that time. He mainly focused on representatives~~ of Parisian society ~~and on their weaknesses and obsessions. In fact, he ridiculed his audience, thereby creating a new type of comedy that was related to the world outside the theatre~~.		In contrast to the ''Commedia dell`arte'', in which human weaknesses of character are ridiculed, but the protagonists were not harmed, in Molière`s plays they are not able to live a “normal” life and distance themselves from humanity.
	He did not stick to the upper class but in his plays there are stupid as well as prudent characters in all social classes. ~~As Molière`s plays were concerned with human behavior and character, he is a popular representative of the comedy of manners. This genre satires the manners of a certain society.~~		Most of Molière`s plays take place in contemporary Paris and offered satirical representations of Parisian society.
			He did not stick to the upper class but in his plays there are stupid as well as prudent characters from all social classes.


	== Some of Molière's Plays==		== Some of Molière's Plays==

WikiSysop: /* Sources */

2013-07-11T12:39:50Z

Sources

← Older revision		Revision as of 12:39, 11 July 2013
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	http://www.site-moliere.com/bio/		http://www.site-moliere.com/bio/

	Brodowsky, Paul, et al (~~Eds~~). ''Weltliteratur II: Vom Mittelalter zur Aufklärung''. Bockenem: Universitätsverlag Hildesheim, 2009.		Brodowsky, Paul, et al. (eds). ''Weltliteratur II: Vom Mittelalter zur Aufklärung''. Bockenem: Universitätsverlag Hildesheim, 2009.

	Hösle, Johannes. ''Molière''. München: Piper, 1987.		Hösle, Johannes. ''Molière''. München: Piper, 1987.

	Howarth, William D. ''Molière: A Playwright and ~~his~~ Audience''. Cambridge: CUP, 1982.		Howarth, William D. ''Molière: A Playwright and His Audience''. Cambridge: CUP, 1982.

WikiSysop: /* Life */

2013-07-11T12:35:26Z

Life

← Older revision		Revision as of 12:35, 11 July 2013
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	Molière was born in Paris as the oldest son of Jean Poquelin, an upholsterer and Marie Cressé. Little is known about his early years. He went to the Collège de Clermont where he was taught how to dance and to foil fence. Even though his father wanted him to work as an upholsterer as well '''[source: http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/388302/Moliere/12109/Beginnings-in-theatre]''', he decided to work in a theatre. As a child, he went to the theatre regularly with his grandfather who was passionate about it (Brodowsky: 162).		Molière was born in Paris as the oldest son of Jean Poquelin, an upholsterer and Marie Cressé. Little is known about his early years. He went to the Collège de Clermont where he was taught how to dance and to foil fence. Even though his father wanted him to work as an upholsterer as well '''[source: http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/388302/Moliere/12109/Beginnings-in-theatre]''', he decided to work in a theatre. As a child, he went to the theatre regularly with his grandfather who was passionate about it (Brodowsky 162).
	In 1643, he, his girlfriend Madeleine Béjart, her family and some friends set up a drama group called “L’Illustre Théâtre”. Due to financial problems the drama group left Paris and travelled throughout the country. In 1644, Poquelin used his stage name Molière for the first time. ''' (http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/388302/Moliere/12109/Beginnings-in-theatre)'''		In 1643, he, his girlfriend Madeleine Béjart, her family and some friends set up a drama group called “L’Illustre Théâtre”. Due to financial problems the drama group left Paris and travelled throughout the country. In 1644, Poquelin used his stage name Molière for the first time. ''' (http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/388302/Moliere/12109/Beginnings-in-theatre)'''
	In 1658, the group returned to Paris. As Philippe d`Orléans, the only brother of King Louis XIV, became Molière`s patron, he was more successful this time. They played for the King and his royal household. From then on, Molière and King Louis XIV had an intensive relationship The King`s brother, Philippe, duc d`Orléans, became their patron and later King Louis XIV took absorbed the company which was known as “Troupe du roi” and supported Molière. Because of that the group got popular and were highly esteemed. sources: http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/388302/Moliere/12109/Beginnings-in-theatre]. In 1662, Molière married Armande Béjart, the sister of his mistress Madeleine. Louis XIV was the godfather of their son who was born two years later.		In 1658, the group returned to Paris. As Philippe d`Orléans, the only brother of King Louis XIV, became Molière`s patron, he was more successful this time. They played for the King and his royal household. From then on, Molière and King Louis XIV had an intensive relationship The King`s brother, Philippe, duc d`Orléans, became their patron and later King Louis XIV took absorbed the company which was known as “Troupe du roi” and supported Molière. Because of that the group got popular and were highly esteemed. sources: http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/388302/Moliere/12109/Beginnings-in-theatre]. In 1662, Molière married Armande Béjart, the sister of his mistress Madeleine. Louis XIV was the godfather of their son who was born two years later.