The Convention Parliament (1660) - Revision history

Pankratz at 14:29, 22 October 2018

2018-10-22T14:29:12Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 14:29, 22 October 2018
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	Met from April until December 1660 in order to deal with the [[Restoration]] of [[Charles II]]. It followed the Rump (dissolved in March 1660) and preceded the so-called ‘Cavalier’ Parliament, assembled in May 1661.		Met from April until December 1660 in order to deal with the [[Restoration]] of [[Charles II]]. It followed the [[Rump]] (dissolved in March 1660) and preceded the so-called [[Cavalier Parliament\|‘Cavalier’ Parliament]], assembled in May 1661.
	The Convention Parliament first met on 25 April, after elections had been carried out. It has been estimated (Ashley 109) that almost 90 per cent of the members of the new [[House of Commons]] were [[Cavaliers]] or Royalist Presbyterians, while only 16 or 18 persons belonging to the Rump Parliament were re-elected.		The Convention Parliament first met on 25 April, after elections had been carried out. It has been estimated (Ashley 109) that almost 90 per cent of the members of the new [[House of Commons]] were [[Cavaliers]] or Royalist Presbyterians, while only 16 or 18 persons belonging to the Rump Parliament were re-elected.

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	== Achievements ==		== Achievements ==

	The Convention Parliament is said to have solved some of the most pressing problems posed by the previous 18 years and laid the foundations for stability (Seaward 11). One of their most important achievements is the passing of the Act of Pardon, Indemnity and Oblivion (August 1660), which pardoned all individuals and bodies corporate for actions committed under orders from all forms of authority during the civil wars, with the exception of those who had been involved in the regicide.		The Convention Parliament is said to have solved some of the most pressing problems posed by the previous 18 years and laid the foundations for stability (Seaward 11). One of their most important achievements is the passing of the Act of Pardon, Indemnity and Oblivion (August 1660), which pardoned all individuals and bodies corporate for actions committed under orders from all forms of authority during the civil wars, with the exception of those who had been involved in the [[regicide]].

	Other important decisions taken by the Convention include: the disbandment of the army, the establishing of a fixed annual income for the Crown (by maintaining the parliamentary innovation of the excise tax, decision which was in theory, sufficient to free it from reliance on the generosity of future parliaments) and the return of confiscated estates to the crown and the bishops. Nevertheless, the Convention failed to make headway on a religious settlement.		Other important decisions taken by the Convention include: the disbandment of the army, the establishing of a fixed annual income for the Crown (by maintaining the parliamentary innovation of the excise tax, a decision which was - in theory - sufficient to free it from reliance on the generosity of future parliaments) and the return of confiscated estates to the crown and the bishops. Nevertheless, the Convention failed to make headway on a religious settlement.

	== References ==		== References ==

WikiSysop at 12:51, 3 January 2018

2018-01-03T12:51:02Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 12:51, 3 January 2018
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	Met from April until December 1660 in order to deal with the Restoration of [[Charles II]]. It followed the Rump (dissolved in March 1660) and preceded the so-called ‘Cavalier’ Parliament, assembled in May 1661.		Met from April until December 1660 in order to deal with the [[Restoration]] of [[Charles II]]. It followed the Rump (dissolved in March 1660) and preceded the so-called ‘Cavalier’ Parliament, assembled in May 1661.
	The Convention Parliament first met on 25 April, after elections had been carried out. It has been estimated (Ashley 109) that almost 90 per cent of the members of the new House of Commons were [[Cavaliers]] or Royalist Presbyterians, while only 16 or 18 persons belonging to the Rump Parliament were re-elected.		The Convention Parliament first met on 25 April, after elections had been carried out. It has been estimated (Ashley 109) that almost 90 per cent of the members of the new [[House of Commons]] were [[Cavaliers]] or Royalist Presbyterians, while only 16 or 18 persons belonging to the Rump Parliament were re-elected.

	~~'''~~Restoration of the King~~'''~~		== Restoration of the King ==

	On 1 May 1660 both houses of parliament voted to restore the king. The event is said to have been followed by a big wave of enthusiasm among people: “news […] greeted with many bonfires and the ringing of bells, people ‘drinking of the king’s health upon their knees in the streets’” (Harris, ''London Crowds'' 38).		On 1 May 1660 both houses of parliament voted to restore the king. The event is said to have been followed by a big wave of enthusiasm among people: “news […] greeted with many bonfires and the ringing of bells, people ‘drinking of the king’s health upon their knees in the streets’” (Harris, ''London Crowds'' 38).
	On 8 May Charles was proclaimed king. Seven days later, he met the parliamentary delegations at the Hague and entered London on the 29th, his thirtieth birthday.		On 8 May Charles was proclaimed king. Seven days later, he met the parliamentary delegations at the Hague and entered London on the 29th, his thirtieth birthday.

	~~'''~~Achievements~~'''~~		== Achievements ==

	The Convention Parliament is said ~~(Seaward 11)~~ to have solved some of the most pressing problems posed by the previous 18 years and laid the foundations for stability. One of their most important achievements is the passing of the Act of Pardon, Indemnity and Oblivion (August 1660), which pardoned all individuals and bodies corporate for actions committed under orders from all forms of authority during the civil wars, with the exception of those who had been involved in the regicide.		The Convention Parliament is said to have solved some of the most pressing problems posed by the previous 18 years and laid the foundations for stability (Seaward 11). One of their most important achievements is the passing of the Act of Pardon, Indemnity and Oblivion (August 1660), which pardoned all individuals and bodies corporate for actions committed under orders from all forms of authority during the civil wars, with the exception of those who had been involved in the regicide.

	Other important decisions taken by the Convention include: the disbandment of the army, the establishing of a fixed annual income for the Crown (by maintaining the parliamentary innovation of the excise tax, decision which was in theory, sufficient to free it from reliance on the generosity of future parliaments) and the return of confiscated estates to the crown and the bishops. Nevertheless, the Convention failed to make headway on a religious settlement.		Other important decisions taken by the Convention include: the disbandment of the army, the establishing of a fixed annual income for the Crown (by maintaining the parliamentary innovation of the excise tax, decision which was in theory, sufficient to free it from reliance on the generosity of future parliaments) and the return of confiscated estates to the crown and the bishops. Nevertheless, the Convention failed to make headway on a religious settlement.

	~~'''~~References~~'''~~		== References ==

	Ashley, Maurice. ''Charles II: The Man and the Statesman''. Frogmore: Granada, 1973.		Ashley, Maurice. ''Charles II: The Man and the Statesman''. Frogmore: Granada, 1973.

Beti Ionita at 19:28, 18 June 2013

2013-06-18T19:28:26Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 19:28, 18 June 2013
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	Met from April until December 1660 in order to deal with the Restoration of [[Charles II]]. It followed the Rump (dissolved in March 1660) and preceded the so-called ‘Cavalier’ Parliament, assembled in May 1661.		Met from April until December 1660 in order to deal with the Restoration of [[Charles II]]. It followed the Rump (dissolved in March 1660) and preceded the so-called ‘Cavalier’ Parliament, assembled in May 1661.
	The Convention Parliament first met on 25 April, after elections had been carried out. It has been estimated ~~[by whom? sources needed]~~ that almost 90 per cent of the members of the new House of Commons were [[Cavaliers]] or Royalist Presbyterians, while only 16 or 18 persons belonging to the Rump Parliament were re-elected.		The Convention Parliament first met on 25 April, after elections had been carried out. It has been estimated (Ashley 109) that almost 90 per cent of the members of the new House of Commons were [[Cavaliers]] or Royalist Presbyterians, while only 16 or 18 persons belonging to the Rump Parliament were re-elected.

	'''Restoration of the King'''		'''Restoration of the King'''
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	'''Achievements'''		'''Achievements'''

	The Convention Parliament is said ~~[again: by whom? sources needed]~~ to have solved some of the most pressing problems posed by the previous 18 years and laid the foundations for stability. One of their most important achievements is the passing of the Act of Pardon, Indemnity and Oblivion (August 1660), which pardoned all individuals and bodies corporate for actions committed under orders from all forms of authority during the civil wars, with the exception of those who had been involved in the regicide.		The Convention Parliament is said (Seaward 11) to have solved some of the most pressing problems posed by the previous 18 years and laid the foundations for stability. One of their most important achievements is the passing of the Act of Pardon, Indemnity and Oblivion (August 1660), which pardoned all individuals and bodies corporate for actions committed under orders from all forms of authority during the civil wars, with the exception of those who had been involved in the regicide.

	Other important decisions taken by the Convention include: the disbandment of the army, the establishing of a fixed annual income for the Crown (by maintaining the parliamentary innovation of the excise tax, decision which was in theory, sufficient to free it from reliance on the generosity of future parliaments) and the return of confiscated estates to the crown and the bishops. Nevertheless, the Convention failed to make headway on a religious settlement.		Other important decisions taken by the Convention include: the disbandment of the army, the establishing of a fixed annual income for the Crown (by maintaining the parliamentary innovation of the excise tax, decision which was in theory, sufficient to free it from reliance on the generosity of future parliaments) and the return of confiscated estates to the crown and the bishops. Nevertheless, the Convention failed to make headway on a religious settlement.

Pankratz at 11:02, 18 June 2013

2013-06-18T11:02:49Z

Pankratz at 10:50, 18 June 2013

2013-06-18T10:50:25Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 10:50, 18 June 2013
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	Met from April until December 1660 in order to deal with the Restoration of [[Charles II]]. It followed the Rump (dissolved in March 1660) and preceded the so-called ‘Cavalier’ Parliament, assembled in May 1661.		Met from April until December 1660 in order to deal with the Restoration of [[Charles II]]. It followed the Rump (dissolved in March 1660) and preceded the so-called ‘Cavalier’ Parliament, assembled in May 1661.
	The Convention Parliament first met on 25 April, after elections had been carried out. It has been estimated that almost 90 per cent of the members of the new House of Commons were Cavaliers or Royalist Presbyterians, while only 16 or 18 persons belonging to the Rump Parliament were elected.		The Convention Parliament first met on 25 April, after elections had been carried out. It has been estimated [by whom? sources needed] that almost 90 per cent of the members of the new House of Commons were [[Cavaliers]] or Royalist Presbyterians, while only 16 or 18 persons belonging to the Rump Parliament were re-elected.

	'''Restoration of the King'''		'''Restoration of the King'''

	On 1 May 1660 both houses of parliament voted to restore the king, event said to have been followed by a big wave of enthusiasm among people:		On 1 May 1660 both houses of parliament voted to restore the king, the event is said to have been followed by a big wave of enthusiasm among people: “news […] greeted with many bonfires and the ringing of bells, people ‘drinking of the king’s health upon their knees in the streets’” (Harris, ''London Crowds'' 38).
	“news […] greeted with many bonfires and the ringing of bells, people ‘drinking of the king’s health upon their knees in the streets’” (Harris, ''London Crowds'' 38).
	On 8 May Charles was proclaimed king. Seven days later, he met the parliamentary delegations at the Hague and entered London on the 29th, on his thirtieth birthday.		On 8 May Charles was proclaimed king. Seven days later, he met the parliamentary delegations at the Hague and entered London on the 29th, on his thirtieth birthday.

Beti Ionita at 07:37, 15 June 2013

2013-06-15T07:37:55Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 07:37, 15 June 2013
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	On 1 May 1660 both houses of parliament voted to restore the king, event said to have been followed by a big wave of enthusiasm among people:		On 1 May 1660 both houses of parliament voted to restore the king, event said to have been followed by a big wave of enthusiasm among people:
	“news […] greeted with many bonfires and the ringing of bells, people ‘drinking of the king’s health upon their knees in the streets’” (Harris, ''London Crowds'' 38.		“news […] greeted with many bonfires and the ringing of bells, people ‘drinking of the king’s health upon their knees in the streets’” (Harris, ''London Crowds'' 38).
	On 8 May Charles was proclaimed king. Seven days later, he met the parliamentary delegations at the Hague and entered London on the 29th, on his thirtieth birthday.		On 8 May Charles was proclaimed king. Seven days later, he met the parliamentary delegations at the Hague and entered London on the 29th, on his thirtieth birthday.

Beti Ionita at 07:37, 15 June 2013

2013-06-15T07:37:31Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 07:37, 15 June 2013
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	On 1 May 1660 both houses of parliament voted to restore the king, event said to have been followed by a big wave of enthusiasm among people:		On 1 May 1660 both houses of parliament voted to restore the king, event said to have been followed by a big wave of enthusiasm among people:
	“news […] greeted with many bonfires and the ringing of bells, people ‘drinking of the king’s health upon their knees in the ~~streets.’”~~ (Harris, ''London Crowds'' 38)		“news […] greeted with many bonfires and the ringing of bells, people ‘drinking of the king’s health upon their knees in the streets’” (Harris, ''London Crowds'' 38.
	On 8 May Charles was proclaimed king. Seven days later, he met the parliamentary delegations at the Hague and entered London on the 29th, on his thirtieth birthday.		On 8 May Charles was proclaimed king. Seven days later, he met the parliamentary delegations at the Hague and entered London on the 29th, on his thirtieth birthday.

Beti Ionita at 07:33, 15 June 2013

2013-06-15T07:33:16Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 07:33, 15 June 2013
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	Met from April until December 1660 in order to deal with the Restoration of [[Charles II]]. It followed the Rump (dissolved in March 1660) and preceded the so-called ‘Cavalier’ Parliament, assembled in May 1661.		Met from April until December 1660 in order to deal with the Restoration of [[Charles II]]. It followed the Rump (dissolved in March 1660) and preceded the so-called ‘Cavalier’ Parliament, assembled in May 1661.
	The Convention Parliament first met on 25 April, after elections had been carried out. It has been estimated that almost 9o per cent of the members of the new House of Commons were Cavaliers or Royalist Presbyterians, while only 16 or 18 persons belonging to the Rump Parliament were elected.		The Convention Parliament first met on 25 April, after elections had been carried out. It has been estimated that almost 90 per cent of the members of the new House of Commons were Cavaliers or Royalist Presbyterians, while only 16 or 18 persons belonging to the Rump Parliament were elected.

	'''Restoration of the King'''		'''Restoration of the King'''

Beti Ionita at 07:32, 15 June 2013

2013-06-15T07:32:43Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 07:32, 15 June 2013
Line 1:		Line 1:
	Met from April until December 1660 in order to deal with the Restoration of [[Charles II]].		Met from April until December 1660 in order to deal with the Restoration of [[Charles II]]. It followed the Rump (dissolved in March 1660) and preceded the so-called ‘Cavalier’ Parliament, assembled in May 1661.
			The Convention Parliament first met on 25 April, after elections had been carried out. It has been estimated that almost 9o per cent of the members of the new House of Commons were Cavaliers or Royalist Presbyterians, while only 16 or 18 persons belonging to the Rump Parliament were elected.

			'''Restoration of the King'''

			On 1 May 1660 both houses of parliament voted to restore the king, event said to have been followed by a big wave of enthusiasm among people:
			“news […] greeted with many bonfires and the ringing of bells, people ‘drinking of the king’s health upon their knees in the streets.’” (Harris, ''London Crowds'' 38)
			On 8 May Charles was proclaimed king. Seven days later, he met the parliamentary delegations at the Hague and entered London on the 29th, on his thirtieth birthday.

			'''Achievements'''

			The Convention Parliament is said to have solved some of the most pressing problems posed by the previous 18 years of conflict and laid the foundations for stability. One of their most important achievements is the passing of the Act of Pardon, Indemnity and Oblivion (August 1660), which pardoned all individuals and bodies corporate for actions committed under orders from all forms of authority during the civil wars and the usurpation, with the exception of those who had been involved in the regicide.
			Other important decisions taken by the Convention include: the disbandment of the army, the establishing of a fixed annual income for the Crown (by maintaining the parliamentary innovation of the excise tax, decision which was in theory, sufficient to free it from reliance on the generosity of future parliaments) and the return of confiscated estates to the crown and the bishops. Nevertheless, the Convention failed to make headway on a religious settlement.

			'''References'''

			Ashley, Maurice. ''Charles II: The Man and the Statesman''. Frogmore: Granada Publishing Ltd., 1973.

			Harris, Tim. ''London Crowds in the Reign of Charles II: Propaganda and politics from the Restoration until the exclusion crisis''. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1987.

			Harris, Tim. ''Politics under the Later Stuarts: Party Conflict in a Divided Society 1660-1715''. New York: Longman Publishing, 1993.

			Jones, J. R. ''Country and Court England 1658-1714''. London: Edward Arnold, 1978.

			Seaward, Paul. ''The Cavalier Parliament and the Reconstruction of the Old Regime, 1661-1667''. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1988.

			Trueman, Chris. “The Restoration Settlement”. ''History Learning Site''. N.d.Web.14 June 2013. <[http://www.historylearningsite.co.uk/restoration_settlement.htm]>.

			“United Kingdom: The later Stuarts”. ''Encyclopædia Britannica Online Academic Edition''. Encyclopædia Britannica Inc., n.d. Web. 14 June 2013. <[http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/615557/United-Kingdom/44867/The-later-Stuarts?anchor=ref483138] >.

Pankratz at 11:04, 14 June 2013

2013-06-14T11:04:14Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:04, 14 June 2013
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	~~The Convention Parliament of 1660 met~~ from April until December ~~and it dealt~~ with the Restoration of Charles II.		Met from April until December 1660 in order to deal with the Restoration of [[Charles II]].

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:02, 18 June 2013
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	'''Restoration of the King'''		'''Restoration of the King'''

	On 1 May 1660 both houses of parliament voted to restore the king~~, the~~ event is said to have been followed by a big wave of enthusiasm among people: “news […] greeted with many bonfires and the ringing of bells, people ‘drinking of the king’s health upon their knees in the streets’” (Harris, ''London Crowds'' 38).		On 1 May 1660 both houses of parliament voted to restore the king. The event is said to have been followed by a big wave of enthusiasm among people: “news […] greeted with many bonfires and the ringing of bells, people ‘drinking of the king’s health upon their knees in the streets’” (Harris, ''London Crowds'' 38).
	On 8 May Charles was proclaimed king. Seven days later, he met the parliamentary delegations at the Hague and entered London on the 29th, on his thirtieth birthday.		On 8 May Charles was proclaimed king. Seven days later, he met the parliamentary delegations at the Hague and entered London on the 29th, his thirtieth birthday.

	'''Achievements'''		'''Achievements'''

	The Convention Parliament is said to have solved some of the most pressing problems posed by the previous 18 years ~~of conflict~~ and laid the foundations for stability. One of their most important achievements is the passing of the Act of Pardon, Indemnity and Oblivion (August 1660), which pardoned all individuals and bodies corporate for actions committed under orders from all forms of authority during the civil wars ~~and the usurpation~~, with the exception of those who had been involved in the regicide.		The Convention Parliament is said [again: by whom? sources needed] to have solved some of the most pressing problems posed by the previous 18 years and laid the foundations for stability. One of their most important achievements is the passing of the Act of Pardon, Indemnity and Oblivion (August 1660), which pardoned all individuals and bodies corporate for actions committed under orders from all forms of authority during the civil wars, with the exception of those who had been involved in the regicide.

	Other important decisions taken by the Convention include: the disbandment of the army, the establishing of a fixed annual income for the Crown (by maintaining the parliamentary innovation of the excise tax, decision which was in theory, sufficient to free it from reliance on the generosity of future parliaments) and the return of confiscated estates to the crown and the bishops. Nevertheless, the Convention failed to make headway on a religious settlement.		Other important decisions taken by the Convention include: the disbandment of the army, the establishing of a fixed annual income for the Crown (by maintaining the parliamentary innovation of the excise tax, decision which was in theory, sufficient to free it from reliance on the generosity of future parliaments) and the return of confiscated estates to the crown and the bishops. Nevertheless, the Convention failed to make headway on a religious settlement.

	'''References'''		'''References'''

	Ashley, Maurice. ''Charles II: The Man and the Statesman''. Frogmore: Granada ~~Publishing Ltd.~~, 1973.		Ashley, Maurice. ''Charles II: The Man and the Statesman''. Frogmore: Granada, 1973.

	Harris, Tim. ''London Crowds in the Reign of Charles II: Propaganda and ~~politics~~ from the Restoration until the ~~exclusion crisis~~''. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1987.		Harris, Tim. ''London Crowds in the Reign of Charles II: Propaganda and Politics from the Restoration until the Exclusion Crisis''. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1987.

	Harris, Tim. ''Politics under the Later Stuarts: Party Conflict in a Divided Society 1660-1715''. New York: Longman ~~Publishing~~, 1993.		Harris, Tim. ''Politics under the Later Stuarts: Party Conflict in a Divided Society 1660-1715''. New York: Longman, 1993.

	Jones, J. R. ''Country and Court England 1658-1714''. London: Edward Arnold, 1978.		Jones, J. R. ''Country and Court England 1658-1714''. London: Edward Arnold, 1978.
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	Seaward, Paul. ''The Cavalier Parliament and the Reconstruction of the Old Regime, 1661-1667''. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1988.		Seaward, Paul. ''The Cavalier Parliament and the Reconstruction of the Old Regime, 1661-1667''. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1988.

	Trueman, Chris. “The Restoration Settlement”. ''History Learning Site''. N.d.Web.14 June 2013. <[http://www.historylearningsite.co.uk/restoration_settlement.htm]>.		Trueman, Chris. “The Restoration Settlement”. ''History Learning Site''. N.d. Web. 14 June 2013. <[http://www.historylearningsite.co.uk/restoration_settlement.htm]>.

	“United Kingdom: The later Stuarts”. ''Encyclopædia Britannica Online Academic Edition''. Encyclopædia Britannica Inc., n.d. Web. 14 June 2013. <[http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/615557/United-Kingdom/44867/The-later-Stuarts?anchor=ref483138] >.		“United Kingdom: The later Stuarts”. ''Encyclopædia Britannica Online Academic Edition''. Encyclopædia Britannica Inc., n.d. Web. 14 June 2013. <[http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/615557/United-Kingdom/44867/The-later-Stuarts?anchor=ref483138] >.