Turnpike Roads - Revision history

WikiSysop at 09:48, 22 May 2019

2019-05-22T09:48:38Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 09:48, 22 May 2019
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	Bogart, Dan. “Turnpike Trusts, Infrastructure Investment, and the Road Transportation Revolution in Eighteenth-Century England”. ''The Journal of Economic History'' 65 (2005): 540-543.		Bogart, Dan. “Turnpike Trusts, Infrastructure Investment, and the Road Transportation Revolution in Eighteenth-Century England”. ''The Journal of Economic History'' 65 (2005): 540-543.


	Buchanan, B.J. “The Evolution of the English Turnpike: Lessons from a Case Study”. ''The Economic History Review'' 39 (1986): 223-243.		Buchanan, B.J. “The Evolution of the English Turnpike: Lessons from a Case Study”. ''The Economic History Review'' 39 (1986): 223-243.

Pankratz at 15:19, 18 December 2013

2013-12-18T15:19:53Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 15:19, 18 December 2013
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	Turnpike roads were an essential part of the Revolution of Transport in the 18th century in England. Other than before, these roads were now built by private organizations, so called turnpike trusts. These organizations were usually a conglomeration of several merchants and/or landowners. Each of these organizations was established through a separate Act of Parliament, which gave the authority to ~~collect tolls and mortgage debts, but at the same time prohibited that the trustees did not profit directly from these tolls and set a maximum level for those tolls~~.		Roads with fees attached to using them.

	These ~~acts~~ were ~~always established in cycles~~, so ~~that during any cycle~~ a ~~big amount~~ of ~~new roads could be built~~ and ~~so that also the transportation network could be improved~~. ~~The biggest wave~~ of ~~new turnpike trusts~~ and ~~thus new turnpike roads was in~~ the time of the ~~1750s~~ and ~~1760s. After~~ the ~~last Acts of Parliament had been authorized by 1830, there were over 900 turnpike trusts managing about 20.000 miles of road~~.		Essential part of the Revolution of Transport in the 18th century. These roads were built by private organizations, so-called turnpike trusts. These organizations were usually a conglomeration of several merchants and/or landowners. Each of these organizations was established through a separate Act of Parliament, which gave the authority to collect tolls and mortgage debts, but at the same time prohibited that the trustees did not profit directly from these tolls and set a maximum level for the tolls.

	~~Apart from building~~ new roads, the turnpike trusts ~~had the obligation to keep the~~ roads in ~~good shape and improve them whenever necessary with~~ the ~~money they made from~~ the ~~tolls~~. ~~The tolls were collected at so called tollhouses, where they had fixed charges for every vehicle and traveler depending on~~ the ~~means~~ of ~~travel~~, ~~the class of the traveler~~, ~~and the duration and length~~ of ~~their travel~~.		These acts were always established in cycles, so that during any cycle a big amount of new roads could be built and so that also the transportation network could be improved. The biggest wave of new turnpike trusts and thus new turnpike roads was in the time of the 1750s and 1760s. After the last Acts of Parliament had been authorized by 1830, there were over 900 turnpike trusts managing about 20,000 miles of road.

	~~Before~~ turnpike trusts ~~were given~~ the ~~task~~ to ~~build~~ and improve ~~roads~~, ~~it was usually taken care~~ of ~~by local governments~~, ~~i.e. local parishes. Thus turnpike trusts were not building an entirely new road network, but first~~ of ~~all used~~ the ~~already existing roads~~, ~~improved these, but~~ of ~~course also added new roads~~.		Apart from building new roads, the turnpike trusts had the obligation to keep the roads in good shape and improve them whenever necessary with the money they made from the tolls. The tolls were collected at so-called tollhouses, where they had fixed charges for every vehicle and traveler depending on the means of travel, the class of the traveler, and the duration and length of their travel.

	Turnpike roads and turnpike trusts had an immense impact on the way and speed goods and people could now be transported throughout the country and were thus an important factor to the Industrial Revolution and the mass production of commodities.		Before turnpike trusts were given the task to build and improve roads, it was usually taken care of by local governments, i.e. local parishes. Thus turnpike trusts were not building an entirely new road network, but first of all used the already existing roads, improved these, but of course also added new roads. Turnpike roads and turnpike trusts had an immense impact on the way and speed goods and people could now be transported throughout the country and were thus an important factor to the Industrial Revolution and the mass production of commodities.


	Sources		Sources

	Bogart, Dan. “Turnpike Trusts, Infrastructure Investment, and the Road Transportation Revolution in Eighteenth-Century England”. The Journal of Economic History 65 (2005): 540-543.		Bogart, Dan. “Turnpike Trusts, Infrastructure Investment, and the Road Transportation Revolution in Eighteenth-Century England”. ''The Journal of Economic History'' 65 (2005): 540-543.


	Buchanan, B.J. “The Evolution of the English Turnpike: Lessons from a Case Study”. The Economic History Review 39 (1986): 223-243.		Buchanan, B.J. “The Evolution of the English Turnpike: Lessons from a Case Study”. ''The Economic History Review'' 39 (1986): 223-243.

Larí Lará at 15:03, 18 December 2013

2013-12-18T15:03:11Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 15:03, 18 December 2013
Line 13:		Line 13:

	Bogart, Dan. “Turnpike Trusts, Infrastructure Investment, and the Road Transportation Revolution in Eighteenth-Century England”. The Journal of Economic History 65 (2005): 540-543.		Bogart, Dan. “Turnpike Trusts, Infrastructure Investment, and the Road Transportation Revolution in Eighteenth-Century England”. The Journal of Economic History 65 (2005): 540-543.


	Buchanan, B.J. “The Evolution of the English Turnpike: Lessons from a Case Study”. The Economic History Review 39 (1986): 223-243.		Buchanan, B.J. “The Evolution of the English Turnpike: Lessons from a Case Study”. The Economic History Review 39 (1986): 223-243.

Larí Lará: Created page with "Turnpike roads were an essential part of the Revolution of Transport in the 18th century in England. Other than before, these roads were now built by private organizations, so..."

2013-12-18T15:02:48Z

Created page with "Turnpike roads were an essential part of the Revolution of Transport in the 18th century in England. Other than before, these roads were now built by private organizations, so..."

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Turnpike roads were an essential part of the Revolution of Transport in the 18th century in England. Other than before, these roads were now built by private organizations, so called turnpike trusts. These organizations were usually a conglomeration of several merchants and/or landowners. Each of these organizations was established through a separate Act of Parliament, which gave the authority to collect tolls and mortgage debts, but at the same time prohibited that the trustees did not profit directly from these tolls and set a maximum level for those tolls.

These acts were always established in cycles, so that during any cycle a big amount of new roads could be built and so that also the transportation network could be improved. The biggest wave of new turnpike trusts and thus new turnpike roads was in the time of the 1750s and 1760s. After the last Acts of Parliament had been authorized by 1830, there were over 900 turnpike trusts managing about 20.000 miles of road.

Apart from building new roads, the turnpike trusts had the obligation to keep the roads in good shape and improve them whenever necessary with the money they made from the tolls. The tolls were collected at so called tollhouses, where they had fixed charges for every vehicle and traveler depending on the means of travel, the class of the traveler, and the duration and length of their travel.

Before turnpike trusts were given the task to build and improve roads, it was usually taken care of by local governments, i.e. local parishes. Thus turnpike trusts were not building an entirely new road network, but first of all used the already existing roads, improved these, but of course also added new roads.

Turnpike roads and turnpike trusts had an immense impact on the way and speed goods and people could now be transported throughout the country and were thus an important factor to the Industrial Revolution and the mass production of commodities.

Sources

Bogart, Dan. “Turnpike Trusts, Infrastructure Investment, and the Road Transportation Revolution in Eighteenth-Century England”. The Journal of Economic History 65 (2005): 540-543.
Buchanan, B.J. “The Evolution of the English Turnpike: Lessons from a Case Study”. The Economic History Review 39 (1986): 223-243.