William III: Difference between revisions

Latest revision as of 16:21, 5 January 2023

1650-1702. Prince of Orange and Stadholder of the Netherlands. 1689-1702 King of Great Britain and Ireland. His father was William II of Orange and his wife was Mary II (the sister of Charles II and James II). William III was invited to England by seven English politicians (both Tories and Whigs). They sent a Letter of Invitation in June 1688, which was both unclear given that they did not define what was expected from him, as well as illegal since they acted against the reigning king. William III arrived in England on 5 November 1688. Later, William and his wife Mary were offered to reign as joint monarchs.

Sources

Maurer, Michael. Kleine Geschichte Englands. Stuttgart: Reclam, 1997.

“William III (r. 1689-1702) and Mary II (r. 1689-1694)”, ‘royal.uk’, https://www.royal.uk/william-and-mary

David, Smith L. A History of the Modern British Isles 1603-1707. Oxford: Blackwell, 1998.

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-== '''Reign (1689-1702)''' ==
+-1702. Prince of Orange and Stadholder of the Netherlands. 1689-1702 King of Great Britain and Ireland. His father was William II of Orange and his wife was [[Mary II]] (the sister of [[Charles II]] and [[James II]]). William III was invited to England by seven English politicians (both Tories and Whigs). They sent a Letter of Invitation in June 1688, which was both unclear given that they did not define what was expected from him, as well as illegal since they acted against the reigning king. William III arrived in England on 5 November 1688. Later, William and his wife Mary were offered to reign as [[joint monarchs]].
-Son of William II and his wife Mary (the sister of [[Charles II]] and [[James II]]). Later married James' oldest daughter Mary. Became English monarch (together with his wife) in 1689 after the [[Glorious Revolution]].
-The reign of William III was strongly connected with the war against France and the rising influence of the [[Parliament]]. Due to the long war against France and its costs the King was dependent on the Parliament. In 1692 a general taxation was reinstalled to finance the war. The fear of the Parliament was that the King would become too influential now that he was appointing offices inside the army. So they came up with the Triennial Act and the Place Act. The Acts should secure that the Parliament will remain free from major influence of the King, but William III didn’t agree to them. The war ended in 1697 with the Treaty of Ryswick and the Parliament wanted to force the King to diminish the army. They offered him the Civil list (which still exists today), an annual grant of £700,000, for the diminishment of his army. On the 8th of March 1702 William III died, because of the wounds he had of a riding accident.
-He passed the throne on to his sister in law Queen [[Anne I]].
+== Sources ==
+Maurer, Michael. ''Kleine Geschichte Englands''. Stuttgart: Reclam, 1997.
-== '''Literature''' ==
+“William III (r. 1689-1702) and Mary II (r. 1689-1694)”, ‘royal.uk’, https://www.royal.uk/william-and-mary
-Maurer, Michael. Kleine Geschichte Englands. Reclam: Stuttgart 1997.
+David, Smith L. ''A History of the Modern British Isles 1603-1707''. Oxford: Blackwell, 1998.
-http://www.royal.gov.uk/HistoryoftheMonarchy/KingsandQueensoftheUnitedKingdom/TheStuarts/MaryIIWilliamIIIandTheActofSettlement/MaryIIWilliamIII.aspx