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August 4th 1900 (London) - March 30th 2002 (Windsor). She was Queen Elizabeth's mother and the British public called her lovingly '''Queen Mum'''.
4 August 1900-30 March 2002. Daughter of Claude Bowes-Lyon and Cecilia Cavendish-Bentinck. On 26 April 1923 Elizabeth married Prince Albert, Duke of York, after his second proposal to her.
After the death of  King [[George V]] on 20 January 1936, Albert's older brother [[Edward VIII|Edward]] became king. Determined to marry the American divorcee, Wallis Simpson, Edward abdicated. Elizabeth became Queen and her husband King [[George VI]].
Together they had two children, [[Elizabeth II|Elizabeth]], the present Queen of Britain, and [[Princess Margaret|Margaret]].


=== '''''AS QUEEN''''' ===


== Childhood and Youth ==
During her period as Queen, Elizabeth was described as a kind-hearted yet dangerous and strong woman. During the royal state touring , The U.S. First Lady Roosevelt said that her Majesty "perfect as a Queen, gracious, informed, saying the right thing & kind but a little self-consciously regal" '''[Rhodes, Benjamin D. (2001), United States foreign policy in the interwar period, 1918–1941, Greenwood, p. 153]'''. On the other hand, during the second world war, Adolf Hitler allegedly called her "the most dangerous woman in Europe" '''[ Langworth, Richard M. (Spring 2002), HM Queen Elizabeth The Queen Mother 1900–2002, The Churchill Centre]''' because of her wide popularity and the effects she had on her people.
One of the most famous stands taken by the Queen, was publicly refusing to leave London or send away her children. she declared "The children won't go without me. I won't leave the King. And the King will never leave" '''[ Queen Elizabeth The Queen Mother > Activities as Queen, Official web site of the British monarchy]'''. Instead, the queen spent most of her time visiting the targeted areas and industries in the United Kingdom dressed in '''vibrant colours''' '''[the article on Wikipedia claims that she dressed in pastel colours]''' to represent hope. Her unbreakable spirit supplied support and faith to her people and to her husband until his death on 6 February 1952.
'''Devastated by her husband's death the Queen retired to Scotland''' [Wikipedia]. But that only lasted for a few months. Elizabeth, who was now addressed as the Queen Mother, as her elder daughter now carried the title Queen Elizabeth II, came out of retirement to proceed with her public duties and treated them with equal importance to her public duties when she was Queen Consort.


Lady Elizabeth was the ninth of ten children of the 14th Earl of Strathmore and Kinghorne Claude George Bowes-Lyon and his wife Cecilia Nina Cavendish-Bentinck. Elizabeth spent her childhood with her brother David on Glamis Castle in Scotland and learned to speak French and German fluently. On Elizabeth's 14th birthday, Great Britain joined World War I and Glamis Castle became a hospital for wounded soldiers. During World War I, Elizabeth lost one of her brothers, namely Fergus Bowes-Lyon.
She was also renowned for her hats and her gin tonics.  


=== '''''DEATH''''' ===
On 30 March 2002, at 3.15 p.m. just after a few weeks of her younger daughter's death, the Queen Mother died in her bed with her surviving daughter by her side. Millions of people gathered and spread throughout the route leading to St. George's Chapel, where she was buried next to her husband and daughter, Margret . With her charisma, charms, wits, and vibrant spirit, Elizabeth the mother was able to make herself one of the most popular royal member changing the opinions and popularity of monarchy.


== Her life as Duchess of York ==
''''''Sources''''''
 
https://www.royal.uk/queen-elizabeth-queen-mother
At the beginning of the 1920s, while Elizabeth had become a real beauty, the king's second son [[George VI|Albert]] fell in love with her. He proposed to her three times. She rejected the two times and accepted the last proposal with the famous words: "All right, Bertie". The wedding took place on April 26th 1923 in Westminster Abbey. On April 21st 1926, Elizabeth Alexandra Mary of Teck was born as their first child in London. Today, she is known as Queen [[Elizabeth II]].
https://www.britannica.com/biography/Elizabeth-queen-consort-of-United-Kingdom
 
https://www.oxforddnb.com/view/10.1093/ref:odnb/9780198614128.001.0001/odnb-9780198614128-e-76927?mediaType=Article
 
== Her life as Queen Elizabeth ==
 
In January 1936 King George V died. His first son David abdicated as King [[Edward VIII]] after only 10 months of reign. On Mai 12th 1937, Albert was crowned King instead of his brother and became George VI. His wife became Queen Elizabeth and only because of her the British Monarchy escaped a crisis [this has to be explained. which crisis? what did she do?].
1940, after Great Britain join World War II, Queen Elizabeth denied the request to move into safe exile with the words: "The princesses cannot go without me, I cannot go without the King and the King will never go". She stayed in London during the whole war and encouraged the suffering people. The German dictator Adolf Hitler once called her "the most dangerous woman in Europe" because of her resolute character. When World War II ended on May 8th 1945 the royal couple was hailed for their support in front of Buckingham Palace.
 
 
== Her life as Queen Mom ==
 
Lady Elizabeth Angela Marguerite Bowes-Lyon changed over night when King George VI. died on February 6th 1952. His first daughter climbed the throne as Queen Elizabeth II. Lady Elizabeth wished to be called "Her Majesty Queen lLizabeth the Queen Mother"
In 1954 Lady Elizabeth visited the USA and Canada in order to gather money for her dead husbands beneficence. She asked herself who wants to see a royal widow before her journey and went all wrong: Everybody wanted to see her. A Canadian once called her "Queen Mum" - and that should be her popular name from that point on.
Even in old age, Queen Mum made several appearances in public. On August 4th 2002, she celebrated her 100th birthday in the center of London as the first part of the Royal Family.
On March 30th 2002, Lady Elizabeth Angela Marguerite Bowes-Lyon or Queen Mum died on Windsor Castle. The funeral took place on April 9th 2002 in Westmister Abbey where she was buried in the manner of the British Empire. She was the last Empress of India and the last Queen of Ireland.
 
== Sources ==
 
http://www.uni-protokolle.de/Lexikon/Queen_Mum.html, 29.5.2010 ; 5.36 pm

Latest revision as of 12:16, 28 January 2022

4 August 1900-30 March 2002. Daughter of Claude Bowes-Lyon and Cecilia Cavendish-Bentinck. On 26 April 1923 Elizabeth married Prince Albert, Duke of York, after his second proposal to her. After the death of King George V on 20 January 1936, Albert's older brother Edward became king. Determined to marry the American divorcee, Wallis Simpson, Edward abdicated. Elizabeth became Queen and her husband King George VI. Together they had two children, Elizabeth, the present Queen of Britain, and Margaret.

AS QUEEN

During her period as Queen, Elizabeth was described as a kind-hearted yet dangerous and strong woman. During the royal state touring , The U.S. First Lady Roosevelt said that her Majesty "perfect as a Queen, gracious, informed, saying the right thing & kind but a little self-consciously regal" [Rhodes, Benjamin D. (2001), United States foreign policy in the interwar period, 1918–1941, Greenwood, p. 153]. On the other hand, during the second world war, Adolf Hitler allegedly called her "the most dangerous woman in Europe" [ Langworth, Richard M. (Spring 2002), HM Queen Elizabeth The Queen Mother 1900–2002, The Churchill Centre] because of her wide popularity and the effects she had on her people. One of the most famous stands taken by the Queen, was publicly refusing to leave London or send away her children. she declared "The children won't go without me. I won't leave the King. And the King will never leave" [ Queen Elizabeth The Queen Mother > Activities as Queen, Official web site of the British monarchy]. Instead, the queen spent most of her time visiting the targeted areas and industries in the United Kingdom dressed in vibrant colours [the article on Wikipedia claims that she dressed in pastel colours] to represent hope. Her unbreakable spirit supplied support and faith to her people and to her husband until his death on 6 February 1952. Devastated by her husband's death the Queen retired to Scotland [Wikipedia]. But that only lasted for a few months. Elizabeth, who was now addressed as the Queen Mother, as her elder daughter now carried the title Queen Elizabeth II, came out of retirement to proceed with her public duties and treated them with equal importance to her public duties when she was Queen Consort.

She was also renowned for her hats and her gin tonics.

DEATH

On 30 March 2002, at 3.15 p.m. just after a few weeks of her younger daughter's death, the Queen Mother died in her bed with her surviving daughter by her side. Millions of people gathered and spread throughout the route leading to St. George's Chapel, where she was buried next to her husband and daughter, Margret . With her charisma, charms, wits, and vibrant spirit, Elizabeth the mother was able to make herself one of the most popular royal member changing the opinions and popularity of monarchy.

'Sources' https://www.royal.uk/queen-elizabeth-queen-mother https://www.britannica.com/biography/Elizabeth-queen-consort-of-United-Kingdom https://www.oxforddnb.com/view/10.1093/ref:odnb/9780198614128.001.0001/odnb-9780198614128-e-76927?mediaType=Article

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